Related papers: Measuring Optical Activity with Unpolarised Light:…
Polarimetry is widely considered a powerful observational technique in X-ray astronomy, useful to enhance our understanding of the emission mechanisms, geometry and magnetic field arrangement of many compact objects. However, the lack of…
We formulate the classical polarization theory for light by using entanglement analysis. We demonstrate a route to a systematic and consistent measure of ordinary light polarization that extends automatically to a new understanding of the…
We study the incidence of the underlying host galaxy light on the measured optical linear polarization of blazars. Our methodology consists of the implementation of simulated observations obtained under different atmospheric conditions,…
Some bright cD galaxies in cluster cooling flows have Thomson optical depths exceeding 0.01. A few percent of their luminosity is scattered and appears as diffuse polarized emission. We calculate the scattering process for different…
A scheme is discussed for measuring Nth-order coherences of two orthogonally polarized light fields in a single spatial mode at very limited experimental cost. To implement the scheme, the only measurements needed are the Nth-order…
Entangled light sources for illuminating objects offer advantages over conventional illumination methods by enhancing the detection sensitivity of reflecting objects. The core of the quantum advantage lies in effectively exploiting quantum…
An example of a coherent measurement for the direct evaluation of the degree of polarization of a single-mode optical beam is presented. It is applied to the case of great practical importance where depolarization is caused by polarization…
A time orbiting potential trap confines neutral atoms in a rotating magnetic field. The rotation of the field can be useful for precision measurements, since it can average out some systematic effects. However, the field is more difficult…
Polarization holonomy is analytically determined for a class of closed, spherical trajectories of light transiting a black hole in the Kerr metric. The leading order geometric optics approximation admits a closed-form expression of such…
Optical chirality density is widely used as a scalar measure of the chiral properties of electromagnetic fields and their interaction with matter. However, in anisotropic and structured media, a single scalar quantity is generally…
Originally an empirical law, nowadays Malus' law is seen as a key experiment to demonstrate the transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, as well as the intrinsic connection between optics and electromagnetism. In this work, a simple and…
We propose a new scheme for measuring the quantum efficiency of photon counting detectors by using correlated pho-tons. The measurement technique is based on a 90 rotation of the polarization of one photon member of a correlated pair…
Performing reliable measurements in optical metrology, such as those needed in ellipsometry, requires a calibrated source and detector, or a well-characterized reference sample. We present a novel interferometric technique to perform…
We introduce a fascinating problem of light detection and ranging measurement without necessitating the return of the photon directed towards the target or object. We approach this challenging problem using quantum entanglement - an…
We explore the possibility of detecting entangled photon pairs from cosmic microwave background or other cosmological sources coming from two patches of the sky. The measurements use two detectors with different photon polarizer directions.…
We present a simple method for controlling the polarisation state of light at the waist of a single-mode optical nanofibre. The method consists of complete polarisation compensation based on imaging scattered light from inherent…
A measure of the degree of polarization for the three-dimensional polarization matrix (coherence matrix) of an electromagnetic field is proposed, based on Rayleigh scattering. The degree of polarization, due to dipole scattering of the…
The polarization state of the optical electromagnetic field lying several nanometers above complex dielectric structures reveals the intricate light-matter interaction that occurs in this near-field zone. This information can only be…
For a wide range of applications a fast, non-destructive, remote, and sensitive identification of samples with predefined characteristics is preferred instead of their full characterization. Here, we report on the experimental…
We experimentally demonstrate polarization entanglement for squeezed vacuum pulses containing more than 10^5 photons. We also study photon-number entanglement by calculating the Schmidt number and measuring its operational counterpart.…