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It is well known that the success of deep neural networks is greatly attributed to large-scale labeled datasets. However, it can be extremely time-consuming and laborious to collect sufficient high-quality labeled data in most practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Yao Yao , Junyi Shen , Jin Xu , Bin Zhong , Li Xiao

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has tremendous value in practice due to its ability to utilize both labeled data and unlabelled data. An important class of SSL methods is to naturally represent data as graphs such that the label information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Zixing Song , Xiangli Yang , Zenglin Xu , Irwin King

We evaluate the out-of-distribution (OOD) detection performance of self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques with a new evaluation framework. Unlike the previous evaluation methods, the proposed framework adjusts the distance of OOD samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Jeonghoon Park , Kyungmin Jo , Daehoon Gwak , Jimin Hong , Jaegul Choo , Edward Choi

Open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL) leverages unlabeled data containing both in-distribution (ID) and unknown out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, aiming simultaneously to improve closed-set accuracy and detect novel OOD instances.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 You Rim Choi , Subeom Park , Seojun Heo , Eunchung Noh , Hyung-Sin Kim

Using large training datasets enhances the generalization capabilities of neural networks. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is useful when there are few labeled data and a lot of unlabeled data. SSL methods that use data augmentation are most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Himmet Toprak Kesgin , Mehmet Fatih Amasyali

Recent semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods typically include a filtering strategy to improve the quality of pseudo labels. However, these filtering strategies are usually hand-crafted and do not change as the model is updated, resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Lei Zhu , Zhanghan Ke , Rynson Lau

Smartphones, wearables, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices produce a wealth of data that cannot be accumulated in a centralized repository for learning supervised models due to privacy, bandwidth limitations, and the prohibitive cost of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Aaqib Saeed , Flora D. Salim , Tanir Ozcelebi , Johan Lukkien

Open-set semi-supervised learning (open-set SSL) investigates a challenging but practical scenario where out-of-distribution (OOD) samples are contained in the unlabeled data. While the mainstream technique seeks to completely filter out…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Junkai Huang , Chaowei Fang , Weikai Chen , Zhenhua Chai , Xiaolin Wei , Pengxu Wei , Liang Lin , Guanbin Li

This paper looks at semi-supervised learning (SSL) for image-based text recognition. One of the most popular SSL approaches is pseudo-labeling (PL). PL approaches assign labels to unlabeled data before re-training the model with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Gaurav Patel , Jan Allebach , Qiang Qiu

In semi-supervised representation learning frameworks, when the number of labelled data is very scarce, the quality and representativeness of these samples become increasingly important. Existing literature on semi-supervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Shuvendu Roy , Ali Etemad

Recent advancements in unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) and semi-supervised learning (SSL), particularly incorporating causality, have led to significant methodological improvements in these learning problems. However, a formal theory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xuetong Wu , Mingming Gong , Jonathan H. Manton , Uwe Aickelin , Jingge Zhu

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is an indispensable tool when there are few labeled entities and many unlabeled entities for which we want to predict labels. With graph-based methods, entities correspond to nodes in a graph and edges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-23 Edith Cohen

Conventional semi-supervised learning (SSL) ideally assumes that labeled and unlabeled data share an identical class distribution, however in practice, this assumption is easily violated, as unlabeled data often includes unknown class data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Heejo Kong , Sung-Jin Kim , Gunho Jung , Seong-Whan Lee

In recent years, speech-based self-supervised learning (SSL) has made significant progress in various tasks, including automatic speech recognition (ASR). An ASR model with decent performance can be realized by fine-tuning an SSL model with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-30 Zhisheng Zheng , Ziyang Ma , Yu Wang , Xie Chen

Self-supervised learning (SSL) of graph neural networks is emerging as a promising way of leveraging unlabeled data. Currently, most methods are based on contrastive learning adapted from the image domain, which requires view generation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Yaochen Xie , Zhao Xu , Shuiwang Ji

Existing semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms use a single weight to balance the loss of labeled and unlabeled examples, i.e., all unlabeled examples are equally weighted. But not all unlabeled data are equal. In this paper we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Zhongzheng Ren , Raymond A. Yeh , Alexander G. Schwing

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has empirically shown its data representation learnability in many downstream tasks. There are only a few theoretical works on data representation learnability, and many of those focus on final data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Ruofeng Yang , Xiangyuan Li , Bo Jiang , Shuai Li

Training deep neural networks with only a few labeled samples can lead to overfitting. This is problematic in semi-supervised learning where only a few labeled samples are available. In this paper, we show that a consequence of overfitting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Christoph Mayer , Matthieu Paul , Radu Timofte

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) commonly exhibits confirmation bias, where models disproportionately favor certain classes, leading to errors in predicted pseudo labels that accumulate under a self-training paradigm. Unlike supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Yu Wang , Yuxuan Yin , Peng Li

There has been increased interest in devising learning techniques that combine unlabeled data with labeled data ? i.e. semi-supervised learning. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been performed across various techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-09-12 N. V. Chawla , Grigoris Karakoulas