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Machine Learning-as-a-Service systems (MLaaS) have been largely developed for cybersecurity-critical applications, such as detecting network intrusions and fake news campaigns. Despite effectiveness, their robustness against adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Helene Orsini , Hongyan Bao , Yujun Zhou , Xiangrui Xu , Yufei Han , Longyang Yi , Wei Wang , Xin Gao , Xiangliang Zhang

Successful defense against dynamically evolving cyber threats requires advanced and sophisticated techniques. This research presents a novel approach to enhance real-time cybersecurity threat detection and response by integrating large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Shuva Paul , Farhad Alemi , Richard Macwan

Fault injection attacks (FIA) pose significant security threats to embedded systems as they exploit weaknesses across multiple layers, including system software, instruction set architecture (ISA), microarchitecture, and physical hardware.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Arsalan Ali Malik , Harshvadan Mihir , Aydin Aysu

Side-channel attacks on shared hardware resources increasingly threaten confidentiality, especially with the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs). In this work, we introduce Spill The Beans, a novel application of cache side-channels to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Andrew Adiletta , Berk Sunar

Microarchitectural attacks are a significant concern, leading to many hardware-based defense proposals. However, different defenses target different classes of attacks, and their impact on each other has not been fully considered. To raise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Kartik Ramkrishnan , Antonia Zhai , Stephen McCamant , Pen Chung Yew

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are stealthy, multi-stage attacks that require adaptive and timely defense. While deep reinforcement learning (DRL) enables autonomous cyber defense, its decisions are often opaque and difficult to trust…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Trung V. Phan , Thomas Bauschert

Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) requires identifying rare but critical failure cases that on-road testing alone cannot discover. High-fidelity simulations provide a scalable alternative, but automatically generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Amar Kulkarni , Shangtong Zhang , Madhur Behl

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) face significant threats to their safe operation in complex traffic environments. Adversarial training has emerged as an effective method of enabling AVs to preemptively fortify their robustness against malicious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Xuan Cai , Zhiyong Cui , Xuesong Bai , Ruimin Ke , Zhenshu Ma , Haiyang Yu , Yilong Ren

Deep learning (DL) has been successfully applied to encrypted network traffic classification in experimental settings. However, in production use, it has been shown that a DL classifier's performance inevitably decays over time. Re-training…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Navid Malekghaini , Elham Akbari , Mohammad A. Salahuddin , Noura Limam , Raouf Boutaba , Bertrand Mathieu , Stephanie Moteau , Stephane Tuffin

Over the past decade, side-channels have proven to be significant and practical threats to modern computing systems. Recent attacks have all exploited the underlying shared hardware. While practical, mounting such a complicated attack is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Mehmet Sinan Inci , Thomas Eisenbarth , Berk Sunar

Although cryptographic algorithms may be mathematically secure, it is often possible to leak secret information from the implementation of the algorithms. Timing and power side-channel vulnerabilities are some of the most widely considered…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ferhat Erata , Ruzica Piskac , Victor Mateu , Jakub Szefer

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an area of research that has blossomed tremendously in recent years and has shown remarkable potential for artificial intelligence based opponents in computer games. This success is primarily due to the vast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Timing and cache side channels provide powerful attacks against many sensitive operations including cryptographic implementations. Existing defenses cannot protect against all classes of such attacks without incurring prohibitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-01 Benjamin A. Braun , Suman Jana , Dan Boneh

Machine learning based malware detection techniques rely on grayscale images of malware and tends to classify malware based on the distribution of textures in graycale images. Albeit the advancement and promising results shown by machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Sanket Shukla

Multi-stage threats like advanced persistent threats (APT) pose severe risks by stealing data and destroying infrastructure, with detection being challenging. APTs use novel attack vectors and evade signature-based detection by obfuscating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Florian Nelles , Abbas Yazdinejad , Ali Dehghantanha , Reza M. Parizi , Gautam Srivastava

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems are vulnerable to attacks that inject poisoned passages into the retrieved context, even at low corruption rates. We show that existing attacks are not designed to be stealthy, allowing reliable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Sarthak Choudhary , Nils Palumbo , Ashish Hooda , Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham , Somesh Jha

The security of modern electronic devices relies on secret keys stored on secure hardware modules as the root-of-trust (RoT). Extracting those keys would break the security of the entire system. As shown before, sophisticated side-channel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Thilo Krachenfels , Tuba Kiyan , Shahin Tajik , Jean-Pierre Seifert

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is essentially a trial-and-error learning procedure which may cause unsafe behavior during the exploration-and-exploitation process. This hinders the application of RL to real-world control problems, especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Yutong Li , Nan Li , H. Eric Tseng , Anouck Girard , Dimitar Filev , Ilya Kolmanovsky

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a significant challenge in cybersecurity due to their stealthy and long-term nature. Modern supervised learning methods require extensive labeled data, which is often scarce in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , James Cheney , Talal Rahwan

Intrusion detection into computer networks has become one of the most important issues in cybersecurity. Attackers keep on researching and coding to discover new vulnerabilities to penetrate information security system. In consequence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Sergio Hidalgo-Espinoza , Kevin Chamorro-Cupueran , Oscar Chang-Tortolero