Related papers: Reducing the background in X-ray imaging detectors…
When searching for radiological sources in an urban area, a vehicle-borne detector system will often measure complex, varying backgrounds primarily from natural gamma-ray sources. Much work has been focused on developing spectral algorithms…
Static gamma-ray detector systems that are deployed outdoors for radiological monitoring purposes experience time- and spatially-varying natural backgrounds and encounters with man-made nuisance sources. In order to be sensitive to illicit…
We characterize single- and few-electron backgrounds that are observed in dual-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers at timescales greatly exceeding a maximum drift time after an interaction. These instrumental backgrounds limit a…
The Rayleigh scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the neutral hydrogen produced during recombination effectively creates an additional scattering surface after recombination that encodes new cosmological information,…
With the goal of extracting as much information as possible from Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of faint, diffuse sources such as galaxy clusters, as well as those of future X-ray telescopes, we present a strategy for forward modeling…
Cosmic ray astronomy attempts to identify and study the sources of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. It is unique in its reliance on charged particles as the information carriers. While no discrete source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays has…
Direct detection experiments turn to lose sensitivity of searching for a sub-MeV light dark matter candidate due to the threshold of recoil energy. However, such light dark matter particles can be accelerated by energetic cosmic-rays such…
The detection of photons above 10 keV through MeV and GeV energies is challenging due to the penetrating nature of the radiation, which can require large detector volumes, resulting in correspondingly high background. In this energy range,…
We present a work in progress aimed at measuring the spectrum of the Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) with the EPIC detectors onboard XMM-Newton. Our study includes a detailed characterization of the EPIC non X-ray background, which is crucial…
We performed a detailed modelling of the background counts observed in a phoswich scintillator X-ray detector at balloon altitude, used for astronomical observations, on board small scientific balloon. We used Monte Carlo simulation…
Recent deep X-ray surveys combined with spectroscopic identification of the sources have allowed the determination of the rest-frame 2-8 keV luminosity as a function of redshift. In addition, an analysis of the HEAO1 A2 2-10 keV full-sky…
Cosmic muon spallation backgrounds are ubiquitous in low-background experiments. For liquid scintillator-based experiments searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay, the spallation product $^{10}$C is an important background in the…
Complete anomaly detection strategies that are both signal sensitive and compatible with background estimation have largely focused on resonant signals. Non-resonant new physics scenarios are relatively under-explored and may arise from…
Current multi-ton detectors put stringent constraints on the GeV-scale galactic dark matter, pushing the allowed cross-section almost towards the neutrino fog, yet remain mostly insensitive to the light dark matter. Cosmic rays can…
We review the current status of studies of large-scale structure in the X-ray Universe. After motivating the use X-rays for cosmological purposes, we discuss the various approaches used on different angular scales including X-ray background…
Atom and matter interferometers are precise quantum sensing experiments that can probe differential forces along separated spacetime paths. Various atom and matter interferometer experiments have been proposed to study dark matter,…
Deep Metric Learning trains a neural network to map input images to a lower-dimensional embedding space such that similar images are closer together than dissimilar images. When used for item retrieval, a query image is embedded using the…
Astronomy is by nature a visual science. The high quality imagery produced by the world's observatories can be a key to effectively engaging with the public and helping to inspire the next generation of scientists. Creating compelling…
We deal with the analysis of on-off measurements designed for the confirmation of a weak source of events whose presence is hypothesized, based on former observations. The problem of a small number of source events that are masked by an…
In most modern object detection pipelines, the detection proposals are processed independently given the feature map. Therefore, they overlook the underlying relationships between objects and the surrounding background, which could have…