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Existing approaches for named entity recognition suffer from data sparsity problems when conducted on short and informal texts, especially user-generated social media content. Semantic augmentation is a potential way to alleviate this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Yuyang Nie , Yuanhe Tian , Xiang Wan , Yan Song , Bo Dai

Data augmentation, a widely-employed technique for addressing data scarcity, involves generating synthetic data examples which are then used to augment available training data. Researchers have seen surprising success from simple methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Ray Groshan , Michael Ginn , Alexis Palmer

In the context of neural machine translation, data augmentation (DA) techniques may be used for generating additional training samples when the available parallel data are scarce. Many DA approaches aim at expanding the support of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Víctor M. Sánchez-Cartagena , Miquel Esplà-Gomis , Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz , Felipe Sánchez-Martínez

Extracting cybersecurity entities such as attackers and vulnerabilities from unstructured network texts is an important part of security analysis. However, the sparsity of intelligence data resulted from the higher frequency variations and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Peipei Liu , Hong Li , Zuoguang Wang , Jie Liu , Yimo Ren , Hongsong Zhu

We propose a novel data augmentation method for labeled sentences called conditional BERT contextual augmentation. Data augmentation methods are often applied to prevent overfitting and improve generalization of deep neural network models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Xing Wu , Shangwen Lv , Liangjun Zang , Jizhong Han , Songlin Hu

Despite the impressive capabilities of large language models (LLMs), their performance on information extraction tasks is still not entirely satisfactory. However, their remarkable rewriting capabilities and extensive world knowledge offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Junjie Ye , Nuo Xu , Yikun Wang , Jie Zhou , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang

Data augmentation is a ubiquitous technique for increasing the size of labeled training sets by leveraging task-specific data transformations that preserve class labels. While it is often easy for domain experts to specify individual…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-10 Alexander J. Ratner , Henry R. Ehrenberg , Zeshan Hussain , Jared Dunnmon , Christopher Ré

Contextual ranking models have delivered impressive performance improvements over classical models in the document ranking task. However, these highly over-parameterized models tend to be data-hungry and require large amounts of data even…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Abhijit Anand , Jurek Leonhardt , Jaspreet Singh , Koustav Rudra , Avishek Anand

We propose a novel data augmentation for labeled sentences called contextual augmentation. We assume an invariance that sentences are natural even if the words in the sentences are replaced with other words with paradigmatic relations. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Sosuke Kobayashi

In this work we investigate the impact of applying textual data augmentation tasks to low resource machine translation. There has been recent interest in investigating approaches for training systems for languages with limited resources and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Catherine Gitau , VUkosi Marivate

NLP has achieved great progress in the past decade through the use of neural models and large labeled datasets. The dependence on abundant data prevents NLP models from being applied to low-resource settings or novel tasks where significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Jiaao Chen , Derek Tam , Colin Raffel , Mohit Bansal , Diyi Yang

Recently, end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models have made great strides and exhibit excellent performance in general speech recognition. However, there remain several challenging scenarios that E2E models are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Zheng Liang , Zheshu Song , Ziyang Ma , Chenpeng Du , Kai Yu , Xie Chen

Data-hungry deep neural networks have established themselves as the standard for many NLP tasks including the traditional sequence tagging ones. Despite their state-of-the-art performance on high-resource languages, they still fall behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Gözde Gül Şahin

Data augmentation is a technique to generate new training data based on existing data. We evaluate the simple and cost-effective method of concatenating the original data examples to build new training instances. Continued training with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Tsz Kin Lam , Shigehiko Schamoni , Stefan Riezler

Data limitation is one of the most common issues in training machine learning classifiers for medical applications. Due to ethical concerns and data privacy, the number of people that can be recruited to such experiments is generally…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-14 Bahman Mirheidari , Yilin Pan , Daniel Blackburn , Ronan O'Malley , Traci Walker , Annalena Venneri , Markus Reuber , Heidi Christensen

Relation extraction (RE) tasks show promising performance in extracting relations from two entities mentioned in sentences, given sufficient annotations available during training. Such annotations would be labor-intensive to obtain in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Xuming Hu , Aiwei Liu , Zeqi Tan , Xin Zhang , Chenwei Zhang , Irwin King , Philip S. Yu

Named Entity Recognition(NER) for low-resource languages aims to produce robust systems for languages where there is limited labeled training data available, and has been an area of increasing interest within NLP. Data augmentation for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Gaurav Kamath , Sowmya Vajjala

Data augmentation methods for neural machine translation are particularly useful when limited amount of training data is available, which is often the case when dealing with low-resource languages. We introduce a novel augmentation method,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Attila Nagy , Dorina Lakatos , Botond Barta , Judit Ács

We propose a simple yet novel data augmentation method for general data modalities based on energy-based modeling and principles from information geometry. Unlike most existing learning-based data augmentation methods, which rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Pingbang Hu , Mahito Sugiyama

Named entity recognition (NER) is highly sensitive to sentential syntactic and semantic properties where entities may be extracted according to how they are used and placed in the running text. To model such properties, one could rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Yuyang Nie , Yuanhe Tian , Yan Song , Xiang Ao , Xiang Wan