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Recent advances in electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models, which capture transferable EEG representations, have greatly accelerated the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, existing approaches still struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Muyun Jiang , Shuailei Zhang , Zhenjie Yang , Mengjun Wu , Weibang Jiang , Zhiwei Guo , Wei Zhang , Rui Liu , Shangen Zhang , Yong Li , Yi Ding , Cuntai Guan

Consumer-grade EEG is entering everyday devices, from earbuds to headbands, raising the question of whether language models can be adapted to individual neural responses. We test this by asking whether frozen LLM representations encode…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ajan Subramanian , Sumukh Bettadapura , Rohan Sathish

With the recent proliferation of large language models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT), there has been a significant shift in exploring human and machine comprehension of semantic language meaning. This shift calls…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Yuhong Zhang , Qin Li , Sujal Nahata , Tasnia Jamal , Shih-kuen Cheng , Gert Cauwenberghs , Tzyy-Ping Jung

This paper investigates sound and music interactions arising from the use of electromyography (EMG) to instrumentalise signals from muscle exertion of the human body. We situate EMG within a family of embodied interaction modalities, where…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-01 Courtney N Reed , Landon Morrison , Andrew P Mcpherson , David Fierro , Atau Tanaka

This study explores the intersection of electroencephalography (EEG) microstates and Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance the assessment of cognitive load states. By utilizing EEG microstate features, the research aims to fine-tune LLMs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Bujar Raufi

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used technique for measuring brain activity. EEG-based signals can reveal a persons emotional state, as they directly reflect activity in different brain regions. Emotion-aware systems and EEG-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ashna Purwar , Gaurav Simkar , Madhumita , Sachin Kadam

Emotion recognition from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is a thriving field, particularly in neuroscience and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). This study aims to understand and improve the predictive accuracy of emotional state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Shyam K Sateesh , Sparsh BK , Uma D

Inferring strength and direction of interactions from electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings is of crucial importance to improve our understanding of dynamical interdependencies underlying various physiologic and pathophysiologic…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-07 Klaus Lehnertz , Henning Dickten

Speech impairments due to cerebral lesions and degenerative disorders can be devastating. For humans with severe speech deficits, imagined speech in the brain-computer interface has been a promising hope for reconstructing the neural…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-18 Keon-Woo Lee , Dae-Hyeok Lee , Sung-Jin Kim , Seong-Whan Lee

Language-brain encoding experiments evaluate the ability of language models to predict brain responses elicited by language stimuli. The evaluation scenarios for this task have not yet been standardized which makes it difficult to compare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Lisa Beinborn , Samira Abnar , Rochelle Choenni

The electroencephalography (EEG), which is one of the easiest modes of recording brain activations in a non-invasive manner, is often distorted due to recording artifacts which adversely impacts the stimulus-response analysis. The most…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Jaswanth Reddy Katthi , Sriram Ganapathy

Measuring brain activity with electroencephalography (EEG) is mature enough to assess mental states. Combined with existing methods, such tool can be used to strengthen the understanding of user experience. We contribute a set of methods to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-01-13 Jérémy Frey , Maxime Daniel , Julien Castet , Martin Hachet , Fabien Lotte

Emotion recognition using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has broad potential across various domains. EEG signals have ability to capture rich spatial information related to brain activity, yet effectively modeling and utilizing these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yuzhe Zhang , Chengxi Xie , Huan Liu , Yuhan Shi , Dalin Zhang

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals, known for convenient non-invasive acquisition but low signal-to-noise ratio, have recently gained substantial attention due to the potential to decode natural images. This paper presents a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yonghao Song , Bingchuan Liu , Xiang Li , Nanlin Shi , Yijun Wang , Xiaorong Gao

Physiological signals such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and electroencephalograms (EEG) provide complementary insights into human health and cognition, yet multi-modal integration is challenging due to limited multi-modal labeled data, and…

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals play a crucial role in understanding brain activity and diagnosing neurological diseases. Because supervised EEG encoders are unable to learn robust EEG patterns and rely too heavily on expensive signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Junhong Lai , Jiyu Wei , Lin Yao , Yueming Wang

With the rapid advancement of large language models like Gemini, GPT, and others, bridging the gap between the human brain and language processing has become an important area of focus. To address this challenge, researchers have developed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Saydul Akbar Murad , Ashim Dahal , Nick Rahimi

Integrating physiological signals such as electroencephalogram (EEG), with other data such as interview audio, may offer valuable multimodal insights into psychological states or neurological disorders. Recent advancements with Large…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yongquan Hu , Shuning Zhang , Ting Dang , Hong Jia , Flora D. Salim , Wen Hu , Aaron J. Quigley

Physiological signals serve as indispensable clues for understanding various physiological states of human bodies. Most existing works have focused on a single type of physiological signals for a range of application scenarios. However, as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Daoze Zhang , Zhizhang Yuan , Junru Chen , Kerui Chen , Yang Yang

Compared to other modalities, electroencephalogram (EEG) based emotion recognition can intuitively respond to emotional patterns in the human brain and, therefore, has become one of the most focused tasks in affective computing. The nature…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-14 Chenyu Liu , Xinliang Zhou , Yihao Wu , Yi Ding , Liming Zhai , Kun Wang , Ziyu Jia , Yang Liu