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Recent years have witnessed the burgeoning of pretrained language models (LMs) for text-based natural language (NL) understanding tasks. Such models are typically trained on free-form NL text, hence may not be suitable for tasks like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Pengcheng Yin , Graham Neubig , Wen-tau Yih , Sebastian Riedel

Tables are an extremely powerful visual and interactive tool for structuring and manipulating data, making spreadsheet programs one of the most popular computer applications. In this paper we introduce and address the task of recommending…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Shuo Zhang , Krisztian Balog

Fifteen years of research studies have concluded unanimously that spreadsheet errors are both common and non-trivial. Now we must seek ways to reduce spreadsheet errors. Several approaches have been suggested, some of which are promising…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2008-03-10 Raymond R. Panko

One of the most important assets of any company is being able to easily access information on itself and on its business. In this line, it has been observed that this important information is often stored in one of the millions of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-03-02 Jácome Cunha , João Paulo Fernandes , Rui Pereira , João Saraiva

Sequence modeling has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on natural language and document understanding tasks. However, it is challenging to correctly serialize tokens in form-like documents in practice due to their variety of layout…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Chen-Yu Lee , Chun-Liang Li , Timothy Dozat , Vincent Perot , Guolong Su , Nan Hua , Joshua Ainslie , Renshen Wang , Yasuhisa Fujii , Tomas Pfister

Tables have been an ever-existing structure to store data. There exist now different approaches to store tabular data physically. PDFs, images, spreadsheets, and CSVs are leading examples. Being able to parse table structures and extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Susie Xi Rao , Johannes Rausch , Peter Egger , Ce Zhang

Tables are a fundamental medium for organizing and analyzing data, making table reasoning a critical capability for intelligent systems. Although large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong general reasoning abilities, they still struggle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lang Cao , Jingxian Xu , Hanbing Liu , Jinyu Wang , Mengyu Zhou , Haoyu Dong , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Table structure recognition is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of documents. Tables in unstructured business documents are tough to parse due to the high diversity of layouts, varying alignments of contents, and the presence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Sachin Raja , Ajoy Mondal , C V Jawahar

Table-to-text generation aims at automatically generating natural text to help people to conveniently obtain the important information in tables. Although neural models for table-to-text have achieved remarkable progress, some problems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Liang Li , Can Ma , Yinliang Yue , Linjun Shou , Dayong Hu

The hard coding of input data or constants into spreadsheet formulas is widely recognised as poor spreadsheet model design. However, the importance of avoiding such practice appears to be underestimated perhaps in light of the lack of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-03-10 Paul J. Blayney

Tabular data remain a dominant form of real-world information but pose persistent challenges for deep learning due to heterogeneous feature types, lack of natural structure, and limited label-preserving augmentations. As a result, ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sivan Sarafian , Yehudit Aperstein

Construction of neural network architectures suitable for learning from both continuous and discrete tabular data is a challenging research endeavor. Contemporary high-dimensional tabular data sets are often characterized by a relatively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Boshko Koloski , Nada Lavrač , Blaž Škrlj

Recent advances in conditional image generation from diffusion models have shown great potential in achieving impressive image quality while preserving the constraints introduced by the user. In particular, ControlNet enables precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Hannah Kniesel , Pedro Hermosilla , Timo Ropinski

A spreadsheet is remarkably flexible in representing various forms of structured data, but the individual cells have no knowledge of the larger structures of which they may form a part. This can hamper comprehension and increase formula…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Alan Hall , Michel Wermelinger , Tony Hirst , Santi Phithakkitnukoon

Understanding and reasoning over complex spreadsheets remain fundamental challenges for large language models (LLMs), which often struggle with accurately capturing the complex structure of tables and ensuring reasoning correctness. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ziwei Wang , Jiayuan Su , Mengyu Zhou , Huaxing Zeng , Mengni Jia , Xiao Lv , Haoyu Dong , Xiaojun Ma , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Neural network techniques are widely applied to obtain high-quality distributed representations of words, i.e., word embeddings, to address text mining, information retrieval, and natural language processing tasks. Recently, efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-09-08 Qing Cui , Bin Gao , Jiang Bian , Siyu Qiu , Tie-Yan Liu

Automatically annotating column types with knowledge base (KB) concepts is a critical task to gain a basic understanding of web tables. Current methods rely on either table metadata like column name or entity correspondences of cells in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Jiaoyan Chen , Ernesto Jimenez-Ruiz , Ian Horrocks , Charles Sutton

With the widespread use of mobile phones and scanners to photograph and upload documents, the need for extracting the information trapped in unstructured document images such as retail receipts, insurance claim forms and financial invoices…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Shubham Paliwal , Vishwanath D , Rohit Rahul , Monika Sharma , Lovekesh Vig

Spreadsheets often need changing in ways made tedious and risky by Excel. For example: simultaneously altering many tables' size, orientation, and position; inserting cross-tabulations; moving data between sheets; splitting and merging…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2008-03-10 Jocelyn Paine , Emre Tek , Duncan Williamson

Most spreadsheet surveys both for reporting use and error focus on the practical application of the spreadsheet in a particular industry. Typically these studies will illustrate that a particular percentage of spreadsheets are used for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-03-10 Simon Thorne , David Ball