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Quantizers play a critical role in digital signal processing systems. Recent works have shown that the performance of quantization systems acquiring multiple analog signals using scalar analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) can be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-20 Nir Shlezinger , Yonina C. Eldar

Sophisticated antenna technologies are constantly evolving to meet the escalating data demands projected for 6G and future networks. The characterization of these emerging antenna systems poses challenges that necessitate a reevaluation of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-22 Chandan Kumar Sheemar , Jorge Querol , Symeon Chatzinotas

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are required to communicate reliably at high spectral bands using a large number of antennas, while operating under strict power and cost constraints. In order to meet these constraints, future…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Nir Shlezinger , Yonina C. Eldar

The `Internet of Things' has brought increased demand for AI-based edge computing in applications ranging from healthcare monitoring systems to autonomous vehicles. Quantization is a powerful tool to address the growing computational cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Indranil Chakraborty , Deboleena Roy , Isha Garg , Aayush Ankit , Kaushik Roy

Quantum algorithms rely on quantum computers for implementation, but the physical connectivity constraints of modern quantum processors impede the efficient realization of quantum algorithms. Qubit mapping, a critical technology for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Wenjie Sun , Xiaoyu Li , Lianhui Yu , Zhigang Wang , Geng Chen , Desheng Zheng , Guowu Yang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on mobile devices, where Neural Processing Units (NPUs) necessitate fully static quantization for optimal inference efficiency. However, existing post-training quantization (PTQ)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jinghe Zhang , Daliang Xu , Chenghua Wang , Weikai Xie , Tao Qi , Yun Ma , Mengwei Xu , Gang Huang

Quantization is a key method for reducing the GPU memory requirement of training large language models (LLMs). Yet, current approaches are ineffective for 4-bit activations and 8-bit gradients, which would easily cause slow convergence or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenxiang Lin , Juntao Huang , Luhan Zhang , Laili Li , Xiang Bao , Mengyang Zhang , Bing Wang , Shaohuai Shi

In the uplink of a cell-free massive MIMO system, quantization affects performance in two key domains: the time-domain distortion introduced by finite-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) at the access points (APs), and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

Quantization is emerging as an efficient approach to promote hardware-friendly deep learning and run deep neural networks on resource-limited hardware. However, it still causes a significant decrease to the network in accuracy. We summarize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Haotong Qin

Model compression is vital to the deployment of deep learning on edge devices. Low precision representations, achieved via quantization of weights and activations, can reduce inference time and memory requirements. However, quantifying and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Ben Zandonati , Adrian Alan Pol , Maurizio Pierini , Olya Sirkin , Tal Kopetz

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) under resource constraints is a significant challenge in deep learning. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), pruning, and quantization are all effective methods for improving resource efficiency. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Changhai Zhou , Shiyang Zhang , Yuhua Zhou , Zekai Liu , Shichao Weng

Post training quantization is essential for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource constrained hardware, yet state of the art methods enforce uniform bit widths across layers, yielding suboptimal accuracy efficiency trade offs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Arpit Singh Gautam , Saurabh Jha

Quantization approximates a deep network model with floating-point numbers by the one with low bit width numbers, in order to accelerate inference and reduce computation. Quantizing a model without access to the original data, zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Yan Luo , Yangcheng Gao , Zhao Zhang , Haijun Zhang , Mingliang Xu , Meng Wang

Model reparameterization is a widely accepted technique for improving inference speed without compromising performance. However, current Post-training Quantization (PTQ) methods often lead to significant accuracy degradation when applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Luoming Zhang , Yefei He , Wen Fei , Zhenyu Lou , Weijia Wu , YangWei Ying , Hong Zhou

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with the Internet of Things (IoT) enables task-oriented communication for multi-edge cooperative inference system, where edge devices transmit extracted features of local sensory data to an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Dongwon Kim , Jiwan Seo , Joonhyuk Kang

The capacity of a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) channel in which the antenna outputs are processed by an analog linear combining network and quantized by a set of threshold quantizers is studied. The linear combining weights and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Abbas Khalili , Stefano Rini , Luca Barletta , Elza Erkip , Yonina C. Eldar

In this paper, we reveal that artificial neural network (ANN) assisted multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signal detection can be modeled as ANN-assisted lossy vector quantization (VQ), named MIMO-VQ, which is basically a joint…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-02 Songyan Xue , Yi Ma , Na Yi , Terence E. Dodgson

Quantization is an indispensable technique for serving Large Language Models (LLMs) and has recently found its way into LoRA fine-tuning. In this work we focus on the scenario where quantization and LoRA fine-tuning are applied together on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Yixiao Li , Yifan Yu , Chen Liang , Pengcheng He , Nikos Karampatziakis , Weizhu Chen , Tuo Zhao

Conventional multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations have long dominated computation time for deep neural networks (DNNs), espcially convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Recently, product quantization (PQ) has been applied to these workloads,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Ahmed F. AbouElhamayed , Angela Cui , Javier Fernandez-Marques , Nicholas D. Lane , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

Exploring the expected quantizing scheme with suitable mixed-precision policy is the key point to compress deep neural networks (DNNs) in high efficiency and accuracy. This exploration implies heavy workloads for domain experts, and an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Cheng Gong , Ye Lu , Surong Dai , Deng Qian , Chenkun Du , Tao Li