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This paper considers signal detection in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with general additive hardware impairments and one-bit quantization. First, we present the quantization-unaware and Bussgang decomposition-based…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-06 Özlem Tugfe Demir , Emil Björnson

We consider the problem of channel estimation for uplink multiuser massive MIMO systems, where, in order to significantly reduce the hardware cost and power consumption, one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are used at the base…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-18 Feiyu Wang , Jun Fang , Hongbin Li , Shaoqian Li

Recent work in network quantization produced state-of-the-art results using mixed precision quantization. An imperative requirement for many efficient edge device hardware implementations is that their quantizers are uniform and with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Hai Victor Habi , Roy H. Jennings , Arnon Netzer

Quantized neural networks are well known for reducing the latency, power consumption, and model size without significant harm to the performance. This makes them highly appropriate for systems with limited resources and low power capacity.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Moshe Kimhi , Tal Rozen , Avi Mendelson , Chaim Baskin

Mixed precision quantization (MPQ) is an effective quantization approach to achieve accuracy-complexity trade-off of neural network, through assigning different bit-widths to network activations and weights in each layer. The typical way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Haidong Kang , Lianbo Ma , Guo Yu , Shangce Gao

Quantized Neural Networks (QNN) with extremely low-bitwidth data have proven promising in efficient storage and computation on edge devices. To further reduce the accuracy drop while increasing speedup, layer-wise mixed-precision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

Utilizing low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) in uplink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is a practical solution to decrease power consumption. The performance gap between the low and high-resolution…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Gökhan Yılmaz , Ali Özgür Yılmaz

To bridge the ever increasing gap between deep neural networks' complexity and hardware capability, network quantization has attracted more and more research attention. The latest trend of mixed precision quantization takes advantage of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yuexiao Ma , Taisong Jin , Xiawu Zheng , Yan Wang , Huixia Li , Yongjian Wu , Guannan Jiang , Wei Zhang , Rongrong Ji

Quantization techniques commonly reduce the inference costs of neural networks by restricting the precision of weights and activations. Recent studies show that also reducing the precision of the accumulator can further improve hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Ian Colbert , Alessandro Pappalardo , Jakoba Petri-Koenig , Yaman Umuroglu

Post-training quantization offers an efficient pathway to deploy super-resolution models, yet existing methods treat weight and activation quantization independently, missing their critical interplay. Through controlled experiments on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Hongjun Wang , Jiyuan Chen , Xuan Song , Yinqiang Zheng

We present accumulator-aware quantization (A2Q), a novel weight quantization method designed to train quantized neural networks (QNNs) to avoid overflow when using low-precision accumulators during inference. A2Q introduces a unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Ian Colbert , Alessandro Pappalardo , Jakoba Petri-Koenig

Most neural network quantization methods apply uniform bit precision across spatial regions, disregarding the heterogeneous complexity inherent in visual data. This paper introduces MCAQ-YOLO, a practical framework for tile-wise spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yoonjae Seo , Ermal Elbasani , Jaehong Lee

Mixed precision quantization has become an important technique for optimizing the execution of deep neural networks (DNNs). Certified robustness, which provides provable guarantees about a model's ability to withstand different adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yuchen Yang , Yifan Zhao , Shubham Ugare , Gagandeep Singh , Sasa Misailovic

Model quantization is challenging due to many tedious hyper-parameters such as precision (bitwidth), dynamic range (minimum and maximum discrete values) and stepsize (interval between discrete values). Unlike prior arts that carefully tune…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Zhang Zhaoyang , Shao Wenqi , Gu Jinwei , Wang Xiaogang , Luo Ping

Mixed-precision quantization, where a deep neural network's layers are quantized to different precisions, offers the opportunity to optimize the trade-offs between model size, latency, and statistical accuracy beyond what can be achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Georg Rutishauser , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini

Many wireless systems divide the baseband processing between two locations, interconnected by a fronthaul. This paper examines the impact of fronthaul quantization on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Starting from a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

Federated Learning (FL) enables clients to share learning parameters instead of local data, reducing communication overhead. Traditional wireless networks face latency challenges with FL. In contrast, Cell-Free Massive MIMO (CFmMIMO) can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Afsaneh Mahmoudi , Ming Xiao , Emil Björnson

Limited capacity of fronthaul links in a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system can cause quantization errors at a central processing unit (CPU) during data transmission, complicating the centralized rate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-29 Minje Kim , In-soo Kim , Junil Choi

Vision Transformers (ViTs) achieve strong performance across vision tasks, yet their deployment with low-precision early exiting remains fragile. Existing quantization methods assume static full-depth execution, making them unstable when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Rui Fang , Hsi-Wen Chen , Ming-Syan Chen

In order to deploy deep models in a computationally efficient manner, model quantization approaches have been frequently used. In addition, as new hardware that supports mixed bitwidth arithmetic operations, recent research on mixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Xijie Huang , Zhiqiang Shen , Shichao Li , Zechun Liu , Xianghong Hu , Jeffry Wicaksana , Eric Xing , Kwang-Ting Cheng