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In settings where interference is present, direct effects are commonly defined as the average effect of a unit's treatment on their own outcome while fixing the treatment status or probability among interfering units, and spillover effects…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-10 Fei Fang , Edoardo M Airoldi , Laura Forastiere

Randomized experiments, or A/B tests are used to estimate the causal impact of a feature on the behavior of users by creating two parallel universes in which members are simultaneously assigned to treatment and control. However, in social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Craig Tutterow , Guillaume Saint-Jacques

To leverage peer influence and increase population behavioral changes, behavioral interventions often rely on peer-based strategies. A common study design that assesses such strategies is the egocentric-network randomized trial (ENRT), in…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-04 Ariel Chao , Donna Spiegelman , Ashley Buchanan , Laura Forastiere

This study considers treatment effect models in which others' treatment decisions can affect both one's own treatment and outcome. Focusing on the case of two-player interactions, we formulate treatment decision behavior as a complete…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-02-23 Tadao Hoshino , Takahide Yanagi

Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects in network settings is complicated by interference, meaning that the outcome of an instance can be influenced by the treatment status of others. Existing causal machine learning approaches usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Daan Caljon , Jente Van Belle , Wouter Verbeke

In non-network settings, encouragement designs have been widely used to analyze causal effects of a treatment, policy, or intervention on an outcome of interest when randomizing the treatment was considered impractical or when compliance to…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-16 Hyunseung Kang , Guido Imbens

This paper studies adaptive targeting under network interference in a bandit setting, where treatments applied to one individual may affect others through spillover effects. We consider a linear model in a sparse regime, where each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Xiaomeng Wang , Hamsa Bastani , Osbert Bastani , Zhimei Ren

Estimating causal effects under networked interference from observational data is a crucial yet challenging problem. Most existing methods mainly rely on the networked unconfoundedness assumption, which guarantees the identification of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Weilin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Jie Qiao , Yuguang Yan , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

There is a growing literature on design-based methods to estimate average treatment effects (ATEs) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for full sample analyses. This article extends these methods to estimate ATEs for discrete subgroups…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-16 Peter Z. Schochet

Randomized experiments, or "A/B" tests, remain the gold standard for evaluating the causal effect of a policy intervention or product change. However, experimental settings, such as social networks, where users are interacting and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Yuan Yuan , Kristen M. Altenburger , Farshad Kooti

In increasingly many settings, data sets consist of multiple samples from a population of networks, with vertices aligned across these networks. For example, brain connectivity networks in neuroscience consist of measures of interaction…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Keith Levin , Asad Lodhia , Elizaveta Levina

In this paper, an interference network with arbitrary number of transmitters and receivers is studied, where each transmitter is equipped with a finite size cache. We obtain an information-theoretic lower bound on both the peak normalized…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Antonious M. Girgis , Ozgur Ercetin , Mohammed Nafie , Tamer ElBatt

This paper studies the problem of optimally allocating treatments in the presence of spillover effects, using information from a (quasi-)experiment. I introduce a method that maximizes the sample analog of average social welfare when…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-04-09 Davide Viviano

We extend the continuity-based framework to Regression Discontinuity Designs (RDDs) to identify and estimate causal effects under interference when units are connected through a network. Assignment to an "effective treatment," combining the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-20 Elena Dal Torrione , Tiziano Arduini , Laura Forastiere

We consider experimentation in the presence of non-stationarity, inter-unit (spatial) interference, and carry-over effects (temporal interference), where we wish to estimate the global average treatment effect (GATE), the difference between…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-28 Su Jia , Nathan Kallus , Christina Lee Yu

We propose an easy-to-use adjustment estimator for the effect of a treatment based on observational data from a single (social) network of units. The approach allows for interactions among units within the network, called interference, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-06 Meta-Lina Spohn , Leonard Henckel , Marloes H. Maathuis

This paper establishes sufficient conditions for the identification of the marginal treatment effects with multivalued treatments. Our model is based on a multinomial choice model with utility maximization. Our MTE generalizes the MTE…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-30 Toshiki Tsuda

Estimating causal effects is crucial for decision-makers in many applications, but it is particularly challenging with observational network data due to peer interactions. Many algorithms have been proposed to estimate causal effects…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Xiaojing Du , Jiuyong Li , Debo Cheng , Lin Liu , Wentao Gao , Xiongren Chen

Causal inference has traditionally focused on interventions at the unit level. In many applications, however, the central question concerns the causal effects of connections between units, such as transportation links, social relationships,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-13 Shuli Chen , Jie Hu , Zhichao Jiang

Consider the problem of nonparametric estimation of an unknown $\beta$-H\"older smooth density $p_{XY}$ at a given point, where $X$ and $Y$ are both $d$ dimensional. An infinite sequence of i.i.d.\ samples $(X_i,Y_i)$ are generated…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Jingbo Liu