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Large language models (LLMs) increasingly participate in morally sensitive decision-making, yet how they organize ethical frameworks across reasoning steps remains underexplored. We introduce \textit{moral reasoning trajectories}, sequences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Fan Huang , Haewoon Kwak , Jisun An

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in consequential decision-making contexts, systematically assessing their ethical reasoning capabilities becomes a critical imperative. This paper introduces the Priorities in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Chad Coleman , W. Russell Neuman , Ali Dasdan , Safinah Ali , Manan Shah

In this paper we introduce a framework for annotating a social media text corpora for various categories. Since, social media data is generated via individuals, it is important to annotate the text for the individuals demographic attributes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Shubhanshu Mishra , Daniel Collier

Language models can be trained to recognize the moral sentiment of text, creating new opportunities to study the role of morality in human life. As interest in language and morality has grown, several ground truth datasets with moral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Siyi Guo , Negar Mokhberian , Kristina Lerman

Text analysis of social media for sentiment, topic analysis, and other analysis depends initially on the selection of keywords and phrases that will be used to create the research corpora. However, keywords that researchers choose may occur…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Philip Feldman , Aaron Dant , James R. Foulds , Shemei Pan

We investigate whether Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit human-like cognitive patterns under four established frameworks from psychology: Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Framing Bias, Moral Foundations Theory (MFT), and Cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Akash Kundu , Rishika Goswami

A major task for moderators of online spaces is norm-setting, essentially creating shared norms for user behavior in their communities. Platform design principles emphasize the importance of highlighting norm-adhering examples and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Agam Goyal , Charlotte Lambert , Yoshee Jain , Eshwar Chandrasekharan

Understanding emotion expressed in language has a wide range of applications, from building empathetic chatbots to detecting harmful online behavior. Advancement in this area can be improved using large-scale datasets with a fine-grained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Dorottya Demszky , Dana Movshovitz-Attias , Jeongwoo Ko , Alan Cowen , Gaurav Nemade , Sujith Ravi

Sentiment analysis is an essential part of text analysis, which is a larger field that includes determining and evaluating the author's emotional state. This method is essential since it makes it easier to comprehend consumers' feelings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Sumaiya Tabassum

The main approaches to sentiment analysis are rule-based methods and ma-chine learning, in particular, deep neural network models with the Trans-former architecture, including BERT. The performance of neural network models in the tasks of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Elena Razova , Sergey Vychegzhanin , Evgeny Kotelnikov

Currently, there are more than a dozen Russian-language corpora for sentiment analysis, differing in the source of the texts, domain, size, number and ratio of sentiment classes, and annotation method. This work examines publicly available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Evgeny Kotelnikov

Perception of offensiveness is inherently subjective, shaped by the lived experiences and socio-cultural values of the perceivers. Recent years have seen substantial efforts to build AI-based tools that can detect offensive language at…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Aida Davani , Mark Díaz , Dylan Baker , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran

To foster collaboration and inclusivity in Open Source Software (OSS) projects, it is crucial to understand and detect patterns of toxic language that may drive contributors away, especially those from underrepresented communities. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Ramtin Ehsani , Rezvaneh Rezapour , Preetha Chatterjee

A sentiment analysis system powered by machine learning was created in this study to improve real-time social network public opinion monitoring. For sophisticated sentiment identification, the suggested approach combines cutting-edge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Arsen Tolebay Nurlanuly

Human commonsense understanding of the physical and social world is organized around intuitive theories. These theories support making causal and moral judgments. When something bad happens, we naturally ask: who did what, and why? A rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Allen Nie , Yuhui Zhang , Atharva Amdekar , Chris Piech , Tatsunori Hashimoto , Tobias Gerstenberg

As LLMs excel on standard reading comprehension benchmarks, attention is shifting toward evaluating their capacity for complex abstract reasoning and inference. Literature-based benchmarks, with their rich narrative and moral depth, provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Matteo Marcuzzo , Alessandro Zangari , Andrea Albarelli , Jose Camacho-Collados , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar

In social settings, much of human behavior is governed by unspoken rules of conduct. For artificial systems to be fully integrated into social environments, adherence to such norms is a central prerequisite. We investigate whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Denis Emelin , Ronan Le Bras , Jena D. Hwang , Maxwell Forbes , Yejin Choi

Human annotators frequently disagree on emotion labels, yet most evaluations of Large Language Model (LLM) emotion annotation collapse these judgments into a single gold standard, discarding the distributional information that disagreement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Keito Inoshita , Xiaokang Zhou , Akira Kawai , Katsutoshi Yada

This paper discusses and contains offensive content. Language models (LMs) are used in decision-making systems and as interactive assistants. However, how well do these models making judgements align with the diversity of human values,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Michael Galarnyk , Agam Shah , Dipanwita Guhathakurta , Poojitha Nandigam , Sudheer Chava

Recent trends in natural language processing research and annotation tasks affirm a paradigm shift from the traditional reliance on a single ground truth to a focus on individual perspectives, particularly in subjective tasks. In scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Olufunke O. Sarumi , Béla Neuendorf , Joan Plepi , Lucie Flek , Jörg Schlötterer , Charles Welch