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Recent research has revealed that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are susceptible to adversarial attacks targeting the graph structure. A malicious attacker can manipulate a limited number of edges, given the training labels, to impair the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Zihan Liu , Ge Wang , Yun Luo , Stan Z. Li

It has become cognitive inertia to employ cross-entropy loss function in classification related tasks. In the untargeted attacks on graph structure, the gradients derived from the attack objective are the attacker's basis for evaluating a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Zihan Liu , Yun Luo , Lirong Wu , Zicheng Liu , Stan Z. Li

Graph neural networks (GNN) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which aim to degrade the performance of GNNs through imperceptible changes on the graph. However, we find that in fact the prevalent meta-gradient-based attacks, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Kanghoon Yoon , Yeonjun In , Namkyeong Lee , Kibum Kim , Chanyoung Park

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have received significant attention due to their state-of-the-art performance on various graph representation learning tasks. However, recent studies reveal that GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, i.e.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Haoxi Zhan , Xiaobing Pei

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph-based tasks such as node classification and graph classification. However, many recent works have demonstrated that an attacker can mislead GNN models by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Binghui Wang , Youqi Li , Pan Zhou

Deep learning models for graphs have advanced the state of the art on many tasks. Despite their recent success, little is known about their robustness. We investigate training time attacks on graph neural networks for node classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Daniel Zügner , Stephan Günnemann

We study the black-box attacks on graph neural networks (GNNs) under a novel and realistic constraint: attackers have access to only a subset of nodes in the network, and they can only attack a small number of them. A node selection step is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Jiaqi Ma , Shuangrui Ding , Qiaozhu Mei

Integrated Gradients (IG) is a common explainability technique to address the black-box problem of neural networks. Integrated gradients assumes continuous data. Graphs are discrete structures making IG ill-suited to graphs. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Lachlan Simpson , Kyle Millar , Adriel Cheng , Cheng-Chew Lim , Hong Gunn Chew

Despite the success of graph neural networks (GNNs) in various domains, they exhibit susceptibility to adversarial attacks. Understanding these vulnerabilities is crucial for developing robust and secure applications. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Dibaloke Chanda , Saba Heidari Gheshlaghi , Nasim Yahya Soltani

Graph neural networks (GNNs) which apply the deep neural networks to graph data have achieved significant performance for the task of semi-supervised node classification. However, only few work has addressed the adversarial robustness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Kaidi Xu , Hongge Chen , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsui-Wei Weng , Mingyi Hong , Xue Lin

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), a generalization of neural networks to graph-structured data, are often implemented using message passes between entities of a graph. While GNNs are effective for node classification, link prediction and graph…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-01 Uday Shankar Shanthamallu , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Andreas Spanias

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are becoming the de facto method to learn on the graph data and have achieved the state-of-the-art on node and graph classification tasks. However, recent works show GNNs are vulnerable to training-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jiate Li , Meng Pang , Yun Dong , Binghui Wang

Graph-learning algorithms can fail when graph structure is adversarially perturbed, intrinsically noisy or constructed from imperfect observations. Here we show that some nodes bear much greater responsibility than others for allowing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yongyu Wang

The success of graph neural networks stimulates the prosperity of graph mining and the corresponding downstream tasks including graph anomaly detection (GAD). However, it has been explored that those graph mining methods are vulnerable to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Yulin Zhu , Yuni Lai , Kaifa Zhao , Xiapu Luo , Mingquan Yuan , Jun Wu , Jian Ren , Kai Zhou

Deep learning on graph structures has shown exciting results in various applications. However, few attentions have been paid to the robustness of such models, in contrast to numerous research work for image or text adversarial attack and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Hanjun Dai , Hui Li , Tian Tian , Xin Huang , Lin Wang , Jun Zhu , Le Song

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising results in tasks such as node classification and graph classification. However, recent studies reveal that GNNs are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, posing a significant threat to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Zhiwei Zhang , Minhua Lin , Junjie Xu , Zongyu Wu , Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have boosted the performance of many graph related tasks such as node classification and graph classification. Recent researches show that graph neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Yao Ma , Suhang Wang , Tyler Derr , Lingfei Wu , Jiliang Tang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have drawn significant attentions over the years and been broadly applied to essential applications requiring solid robustness or vigorous security standards, such as product recommendation and user behavior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Mingxuan Ju , Yujie Fan , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

Graph Neural Network (GNN) research has produced strategies to modify a graph's edges using gradients from a trained GNN, with the goal of network design. However, the factors which govern gradient-based editing are understudied, obscuring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Donald Loveland , Rajmonda Caceres

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) are increasingly recognized for their performance in areas like the web and e-commerce, where resilience against adversarial attacks is crucial. However, existing adversarial attack methods, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 He Zhao , Zhiwei Zeng , Yongwei Wang , Deheng Ye , Chunyan Miao
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