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Malware analysis techniques are divided into static and dynamic analysis. Both techniques can be bypassed by circumvention techniques such as obfuscation. In a series of works, the authors have promoted the use of symbolic executions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Charles-Henry Bertrand Van Ouytsel , Axel Legay

Since the Internet of Things (IoT) is widely adopted using Android applications, detecting malicious Android apps is essential. In recent years, Android graph-based deep learning research has proposed many approaches to extract…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Rahul Yumlembam , Biju Issac , Seibu Mary Jacob , Longzhi Yang

Network and system security are incredibly critical issues now. Due to the rapid proliferation of malware, traditional analysis methods struggle with enormous samples. In this paper, we propose four easy-to-extract and small-scale features,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Zhenshuo Chen , Eoin Brophy , Tomas Ward

Control Flow Graphs (CFGs) are critical for analyzing program execution and characterizing malware behavior. With the growing adoption of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), CFG-based representations have proven highly effective for malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Hossein Shokouhinejad , Griffin Higgins , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Hesamodin Mohammadian , Ali A. Ghorbani

With the growth of mobile devices and applications, the number of malicious software, or malware, is rapidly increasing in recent years, which calls for the development of advanced and effective malware detection approaches. Traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Rui Zhu , Chenglin Li , Di Niu , Hongwen Zhang , Husam Kinawi

Malware detection has become a major concern due to the increasing number and complexity of malware. Traditional detection methods based on signatures and heuristics are used for malware detection, but unfortunately, they suffer from poor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Tristan Bilot , Nour El Madhoun , Khaldoun Al Agha , Anis Zouaoui

Control Flow Graphs and Function Call Graphs have become pivotal in providing a detailed understanding of program execution and effectively characterizing the behavior of malware. These graph-based representations, when combined with Graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Hesamodin Mohammadian , Griffin Higgins , Samuel Ansong , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Ali A. Ghorbani

With the growing pace of using Deep Learning (DL) to solve various problems, securing these models against adversaries has become one of the main concerns of researchers. Recent studies have shown that DL-based malware detectors are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Omid Kargarnovin , Amir Mahdi Sadeghzadeh , Rasool Jalili

Vulnerability identification constitutes a task of high importance for cyber security. It is quite helpful for locating and fixing vulnerable functions in large applications. However, this task is rather challenging owing to the absence of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Ammar Ahmed , Anwar Said , Mudassir Shabbir , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced code analysis tasks, yet they struggle to detect malicious behaviors fragmented across files, whose intricate dependencies easily get lost in the vast amount of benign code. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hang Gao , Tao Peng , Baoquan Cui , Hong Huang , Fengge Wu , Junsuo Zhao , Jian Zhang

As the security landscape evolves over time, where thousands of species of malicious codes are seen every day, antivirus vendors strive to detect and classify malware families for efficient and effective responses against malware campaigns.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-06-08 Jae-wook Jang , Jiyoung Woo , Aziz Mohaisen , Jaesung Yun , Huy Kang Kim

Malware analysis has been extensively investigated as the number and types of malware has increased dramatically. However, most previous studies use end-to-end systems to detect whether a sample is malicious, or to identify its malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Yi-Ting Huang , Ting-Yi Chen , Yeali S. Sun , Meng Chang Chen

Identifying vulnerable code is a precautionary measure to counter software security breaches. Tedious expert effort has been spent to build static analyzers, yet insecure patterns are barely fully enumerated. This work explores a deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Yufan Zhuang , Sahil Suneja , Veronika Thost , Giacomo Domeniconi , Alessandro Morari , Jim Laredo

Malware detection and classification remains a topic of concern for cybersecurity, since it is becoming common for attackers to use advanced obfuscation on their malware to stay undetected. Conventional static analysis is not effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Md Shahnawaz , Bishwajit Prasad Gond , Durga Prasad Mohapatra

This technical report presents a comprehensive analysis of malware classification using OpCode sequences. Two distinct approaches are evaluated: traditional machine learning using n-gram analysis with Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Varij Saini , Rudraksh Gupta , Neel Soni

The advancement of graph-based malware analysis is critically limited by the absence of large-scale datasets that capture the inherent hierarchical structure of software. Existing methods often oversimplify programs into single level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Han Chen , Hanchen Wang , Hongmei Chen , Ying Zhang , Lu Qin , Wenjie Zhang

The convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is increasingly being applied to new domains, such as malware detection, where it is able to learn malicious behavior from raw bytes extracted from executables. These architectures reach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Octavian Suciu , Scott E. Coull , Jeffrey Johns

This study explores the effectiveness of graph neural networks (GNNs) for vulnerability detection in software code, utilizing a real-world dataset of Java vulnerability-fixing commits. The dataset's structure, based on the number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ravil Mussabayev

Detecting vulnerabilities in source code is a critical task for software security assurance. Graph Neural Network (GNN) machine learning can be a promising approach by modeling source code as graphs. Early approaches treated code elements…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yu Luo , Weifeng Xu , Dianxiang Xu

Classification of malware families is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of how they can infect devices, computers, or systems. Thus, malware identification enables security researchers and incident responders to take precautions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Ferhat Demirkıran , Aykut Çayır , Uğur Ünal , Hasan Dağ