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Climate change has led to an increase in frequency of extreme weather events. Early warning systems can prevent disasters and loss of life. Managing such events remain a challenge for both public and private institutions. Precipitation…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-13 Ajitabh Kumar

Weather forecast plays an essential role in multiple aspects of the daily life of human beings. Currently, physics based numerical weather prediction is used to predict the weather and requires enormous amount of computational resources. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Akshay Punjabi , Pablo Izquierdo Ayala

Recent advancements in deep learning have led to the development of Foundation Models (FMs) for weather forecasting, yet their ability to predict extreme weather events remains limited. Existing approaches either focus on general weather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Hang Ni , Weijia Zhang , Hao Liu

Accurate ocean forecasting systems are vital for understanding marine dynamics, which play a crucial role in environmental management and climate adaptation strategies. Traditional numerical solvers, while effective, are computationally…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-11-21 Daniel Holmberg , Emanuela Clementi , Teemu Roos

Modern data-driven surrogate models for weather forecasting provide accurate short-term predictions but inaccurate and nonphysical long-term forecasts. This paper investigates online weather prediction using machine learning surrogates…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-12 Melissa Adrian , Daniel Sanz-Alonso , Rebecca Willett

We present FengWu, an advanced data-driven global medium-range weather forecast system based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). Different from existing data-driven weather forecast methods, FengWu solves the medium-range forecast problem from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Kang Chen , Tao Han , Junchao Gong , Lei Bai , Fenghua Ling , Jing-Jia Luo , Xi Chen , Leiming Ma , Tianning Zhang , Rui Su , Yuanzheng Ci , Bin Li , Xiaokang Yang , Wanli Ouyang

Weather forecasting is a crucial task for meteorologic research, with direct social and economic impacts. Recently, data-driven weather forecasting models based on deep learning have shown great potential, achieving superior performance…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-08-26 Lihao Gan , Xin Man , Chenghong Zhang , Jie Shao

Accurate weather forecasting holds significant importance to human activities. Currently, there are two paradigms for weather forecasting: Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) and Deep Learning-based Prediction (DLP). NWP utilizes atmospheric…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Wenyuan Li , Zili Liu , Keyan Chen , Hao Chen , Shunlin Liang , Zhengxia Zou , Zhenwei Shi

Advancements in numerical weather prediction models have accelerated, fostering a more comprehensive understanding of physical phenomena pertaining to the dynamics of weather and related computing resources. Despite these advancements,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-11-04 Alqamah Sayeed , Yunsoo Choi , Jia Jung , Yannic Lops , Ebrahim Eslami , Ahmed Khan Salman

Quantifying uncertainty in weather forecasts is critical, especially for predicting extreme weather events. This is typically accomplished with ensemble prediction systems, which consist of many perturbed numerical weather simulations, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Peter Grönquist , Chengyuan Yao , Tal Ben-Nun , Nikoli Dryden , Peter Dueben , Shigang Li , Torsten Hoefler

Weather forecasting is dominated by numerical weather prediction that tries to model accurately the physical properties of the atmosphere. A downside of numerical weather prediction is that it is lacking the ability for short-term forecasts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Kevin Trebing , Tomasz Stanczyk , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Accurately predicting short-term precipitation is critical for weather-sensitive applications such as disaster management, aviation, and urban planning. Traditional numerical weather prediction can be computationally intensive at high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sumit Mamtani , Maitreya Sonawane

High-resolution nowcasting is an essential tool needed for effective adaptation to climate change, particularly for extreme weather. As Deep Learning (DL) techniques have shown dramatic promise in many domains, including the geosciences, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Shreya Agrawal , Luke Barrington , Carla Bromberg , John Burge , Cenk Gazen , Jason Hickey

Data assimilation is a vital component in modern global medium-range weather forecasting systems to obtain the best estimation of the atmospheric state by combining the short-term forecast and observations. Recently, AI-based data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Kun Chen , Tao Chen , Peng Ye , Hao Chen , Kang Chen , Tao Han , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Accurate ocean forecasting systems are essential for understanding marine dynamics, which play a crucial role in sectors such as shipping, aquaculture, environmental monitoring, and coastal risk management. Traditional numerical solvers,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Daniel Holmberg , Emanuela Clementi , Italo Epicoco , Teemu Roos

Seasonal forecasting is a crucial task when it comes to detecting the extreme heat and colds that occur due to climate change. Confidence in the predictions should be reliable since a small increase in the temperatures in a year has a big…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Busra Asan , Abdullah Akgül , Alper Unal , Melih Kandemir , Gozde Unal

Deep Learning models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in medium-range weather prediction but often fail to maintain physically consistent rollouts beyond 14 days. In contrast, a few atmospheric models demonstrate stability over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Florian Gallusser , Simon Hentschel , Anna Krause , Andreas Hotho

Reliable point cloud data is essential for perception tasks \textit{e.g.} in robotics and autonomous driving applications. Adverse weather causes a specific type of noise to light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor data, which degrades…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Alvari Seppänen , Risto Ojala , Kari Tammi

Accurate weather forecasts are essential for supporting a wide range of activities and decision-making processes, as well as mitigating the impacts of adverse weather events. While traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) remains the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Daniele Zambon , Michele Cattaneo , Ivan Marisca , Jonas Bhend , Daniele Nerini , Cesare Alippi

Improving the skill of medium-range (3-8 day) severe weather prediction is crucial for mitigating societal impacts. This study introduces a novel approach leveraging decoder-only transformer networks to post-process AI-based weather…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Zhanxiang Hua , Ryan Sobash , David John Gagne , Yingkai Sha , Alexandra Anderson-Frey
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