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Success in natural language inference (NLI) should require a model to understand both lexical and compositional semantics. However, through adversarial evaluation, we find that several state-of-the-art models with diverse architectures are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Yixin Nie , Yicheng Wang , Mohit Bansal

This paper analyzes the features of monotonic translations, which follow the word order of the source language, in simultaneous interpreting (SI). Word order differences are one of the biggest challenges in SI, especially for language pairs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Kosuke Doi , Yuka Ko , Mana Makinae , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Natural Language Inference (NLI) tasks involving temporal inference remain challenging for pre-trained language models (LMs). Although various datasets have been created for this task, they primarily focus on English and do not address the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Tomoki Sugimoto , Yasumasa Onoe , Hitomi Yanaka

Natural Language Inference (NLI) is the task of determining whether a premise entails a hypothesis. NLI with temporal order is a challenging task because tense and aspect are complex linguistic phenomena involving interactions with temporal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Tomoki Sugimoto , Hitomi Yanaka

Natural language inference (NLI) is the task of determining if a natural language hypothesis can be inferred from a given premise in a justifiable manner. NLI was proposed as a benchmark task for natural language understanding. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Aakanksha Naik , Abhilasha Ravichander , Norman Sadeh , Carolyn Rose , Graham Neubig

We introduce a synthetic dataset called Sentences Involving Complex Compositional Knowledge (SICCK) and a novel analysis that investigates the performance of Natural Language Inference (NLI) models to understand compositionality in logic.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Sushma Anand Akoju , Robert Vacareanu , Haris Riaz , Eduardo Blanco , Mihai Surdeanu

We propose SETI (Systematicity Evaluation of Textual Inference), a novel and comprehensive benchmark designed for evaluating pre-trained language models (PLMs) for their systematicity capabilities in the domain of textual inference.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Xiyan Fu , Anette Frank

Semantic textual similarity (STS) systems are designed to encode and evaluate the semantic similarity between words, phrases, sentences, and documents. One method for assessing the quality or authenticity of semantic information encoded in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-04 Kimberly Glasgow , Matthew Roos , Amy Haufler , Mark Chevillet , Michael Wolmetz

Standard evaluations of deep learning models for semantics using naturalistic corpora are limited in what they can tell us about the fidelity of the learned representations, because the corpora rarely come with good measures of semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Atticus Geiger , Ignacio Cases , Lauri Karttunen , Christopher Potts

Natural language inference (NLI) and semantic textual similarity (STS) are key tasks in natural language understanding (NLU). Although several benchmark datasets for those tasks have been released in English and a few other languages, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Jiyeon Ham , Yo Joong Choe , Kyubyong Park , Ilji Choi , Hyungjoon Soh

Natural Language Inference (NLI) involving comparatives is challenging because it requires understanding quantities and comparative relations expressed by sentences. While some approaches leverage Large Language Models (LLMs), we focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yosuke Mikami , Daiki Matsuoka , Hitomi Yanaka

Do state-of-the-art models for language understanding already have, or can they easily learn, abilities such as boolean coordination, quantification, conditionals, comparatives, and monotonicity reasoning (i.e., reasoning about word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Kyle Richardson , Hai Hu , Lawrence S. Moss , Ashish Sabharwal

The recent years have seen a revival of interest in textual entailment, sparked by i) the emergence of powerful deep neural network learners for natural language processing and ii) the timely development of large-scale evaluation datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Željko Agić , Natalie Schluter

State-of-the-art natural language processing systems rely on supervision in the form of annotated data to learn competent models. These models are generally trained on data in a single language (usually English), and cannot be directly used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Alexis Conneau , Guillaume Lample , Ruty Rinott , Adina Williams , Samuel R. Bowman , Holger Schwenk , Veselin Stoyanov

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in multilingual contexts, yet their capacity for consistent, logically grounded alignment across languages remains underexplored. We present a controlled evaluation framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Samir Abdaljalil , Erchin Serpedin , Khalid Qaraqe , Hasan Kurban

Recent studies of the emergent capabilities of transformer-based Natural Language Understanding (NLU) models have indicated that they have an understanding of lexical and compositional semantics. We provide evidence that suggests these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Erik Arakelyan , Zhaoqi Liu , Isabelle Augenstein

Natural Language Inference (NLI) evaluation is crucial for assessing language understanding models; however, popular datasets suffer from systematic spurious correlations that artificially inflate actual model performance. To address this,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Adrian Cosma , Stefan Ruseti , Mihai Dascalu , Cornelia Caragea

We examine a methodology using neural language models (LMs) for analyzing the word order of language. This LM-based method has the potential to overcome the difficulties existing methods face, such as the propagation of preprocessor errors…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Takumi Ito , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui

Language models can achieve high accuracy on natural language tasks such as NLI, but performance suffers on manually created adversarial examples. We investigate the performance of a language model trained on the Stanford Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Chris Achard

An important challenge for human-like AI is compositional semantics. Recent research has attempted to address this by using deep neural networks to learn vector space embeddings of sentences, which then serve as input to other tasks. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Ishita Dasgupta , Demi Guo , Andreas Stuhlmüller , Samuel J. Gershman , Noah D. Goodman
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