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The detection of high contrast companions at small angular separation appears feasible in conventional direct images using the self-calibration properties of interferometric observable quantities. In the high-Strehl regime, available from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Frantz Martinache

The detection of high contrast companions at small angular separation appears feasible in conventional direct images using the self-calibration properties of interferometric observable quantities. The friendly notion of closure-phase, which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Frantz Martinache

The James Webb Space Telescope will offer high-angular resolution observing capability in the near-infrared with masking interferometry on NIRISS, and coronagraphic imaging on NIRCam & MIRI. Full aperture kernel-phase based interferometry…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-02 Alban Ceau , David Mary , Alexandra Greenbaum , Frantz Martinache , Anand Sivaramakrishnan , Romain Laugier , Mamadou N'Diaye

Kernel phase imaging (KPI) enables the direct detection of substellar companions and circumstellar dust close to and below the classical (Rayleigh) diffraction limit. We present a kernel phase analysis of JWST NIRISS full pupil images taken…

Kernel phase interferometry (KPI) is a post-processing technique that treats a conventional telescope as an interferometer by accurately modeling a telescope pupil as an array of virtual subapertures. KPI provides angular resolution within…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-10 Chelsea Adelman , Steph Sallum , Matthew De Furio , Josh Eisner

Directly imaging exoplanets is challenging because quasi-static phase aberrations in the pupil plane (speckles) can mimic the signal of a companion at small angular separations. Kernel phase, which is a generalization of closure phase…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 Jens Kammerer , Michael J. Ireland , Frantz Martinache , Julien H. Girard

At present, the principal limitation on the resolution and contrast of astronomical imaging instruments comes from aberrations in the optical path, which may be imposed by the Earth's turbulent atmosphere or by variations in the alignment…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-23 Benjamin Pope , Peter Tuthill , Sasha Hinkley , Michael J. Ireland , Alexandra Greenbaum , Alexey Latyshev , John D. Monnier , Frantz Martinache

Filling out the dearth of detections between direct imaging and radial velocity surveys will test theories of planet formation and (sub)stellar binarity across the full range of semi-major axes, connecting formation of close to wide…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-18 Samuel M. Factor , Adam L. Kraus

Kernel phase interferometry is an approach to high angular resolution imaging which enhances the performance of speckle imaging with adaptive optics. Kernel phases are self-calibrating observables that generalize the idea of closure phases…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-21 Benjamin J. S. Pope

Kernel-phase is a data analysis method based on a generalization of the notion of closure-phase invented in the context of interferometry, but that applies to well corrected diffraction dominated images produced by an arbitrary aperture.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Frantz Martinache , Alban Ceau , Romain Laugier , Jens Kammerer , Mamadou N'Diaye , David Mary , Nick Cvetojevic , Coline Lopez

Kernel-phase is a recently developed paradigm that tackles the classical problem of image deconvolution, based on an interferometric point of view of image formation. Kernel-phase inherits and borrows from the notion of closure-phase,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Frantz Martinache

Kernel phase interferometry (KPI) is a data processing technique that allows for the detection of asymmetries (such as companions or disks) in high-Strehl images, close to and within the classical diffraction limit. We show that KPI can…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-29 Alexander Chaushev , Steph Sallum , Julien Lozi , Frantz Martinache , Jeffrey Chilcote , Tyler Groff , Olivier Guyon , N. Jeremy Kasdin , Barnaby Norris , Andy Skemer

The accumulation of aberrations along the optical path in a telescope produces distortions and speckles in the resulting images, limiting the performance of cameras at high angular resolution. It is important to achieve the highest possible…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 Benjamin J. S. Pope , Laurent Pueyo , Yinzi Xin , Peter G. Tuthill

Discovering new actively-accreting protoplanets is crucial to answering open questions about planet formation. However, identifying such planets at orbital distances where they are expected to be abundant is extremely challenging, both due…

Star formation theories have struggled to reproduce binary brown dwarf population demographics (frequency, separation, mass-ratio). Kernel-phase interferometry is sensitive to companions at separations inaccessible to classical imaging,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-03 Samuel M. Factor , Adam L. Kraus

(Abridged) Context: In the previous paper in this series, we identified that a pentagonal arrangement of five telescopes, using a kernel-nulling beam combiner, shows notable advantages for some important performance metrics for a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Jonah T. Hansen , Michael J. Ireland , Romain Laugier , the LIFE collaboration

To reach its optimal performance, Fizeau interferometry requires that we work to resolve instrumental biases through calibration. One common technique used in high contrast imaging is angular differential imaging, which calibrates the point…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 Romain Laugier , Frantz Martinache , Nick Cvetojevic , David Mary , Alban Ceau , Mamadou N'Diaye , Jens Kammerer , Julien Lozi , Olivier Guyon , Coline Lopez

Nulling interferometry is a promising technique for direct detection of exoplanets. However, the performance of current devices is limited by different perturbations sources and especially by its sensitivity to any phase aberrations. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-27 Vincent Foriel , Frantz Martinache , David Mary

Residual speckles due to aberrations arising from optical errors after the split between the wavefront sensor and the science camera path are the most significant barriers to imaging extrasolar planets. While speckles can be suppressed…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-12 Michael Bottom , J. Kent Wallace , Randall D. Bartos , J. Chris Shelton , Eugene Serabyn

(Abbreviated) Kepler planet candidates require both spectroscopic and imaging follow-up observations to rule out false positives and detect blended stars. [...] In this paper, we examine a sample of 11 Kepler host stars with companions…

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