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Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a powerful surface-specific probe for centrosymmetric materials, with broad relevance to energy and biological interfaces. Plasmonic nanomaterials have been extensively utilized to amplify this nonlinear…

Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a valuable tool for optical microscopy. SHG microscopy is normally performed as a point scanning imaging method, which lacks phase information and is limited in spatial resolution by the…

Optical spectroscopy based on second-order nonlinearity is a critical technique for characterizing two-dimensional (2D) crystals as well as bioimaging and quantum optics. It is generally believed that second-harmonic generation (SHG) in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Haoning Tang , Zhitong Ding , Tianyi Ruan , Zeyu Hao , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Haozhe Wang , Ali Javey , Feng Wang , Yuan Cao

We conduct a theoretical and numerical study on the second-harmonic (SH) optical response of a nano-structured metamaterial composed of a periodic array of inclusions. Both the inclusions and their surrounding matrix are made of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-13 Ulises R. Meza , Bernardo S. Mendoza , W. Luis Mochán

Highly nonlinear optical phenomena can provide access to properties of electronic systems which are otherwise difficult to access through conventional linear optical spectroscopies. In particular, high harmonic generation (HHG) in…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-28 K. Uchida , V. Pareek , K. Nagai , K. M. Dani , K. Tanaka

True phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a waveguide of crosslinkable ferroelectric liquid crystals is demonstrated. These materials allow the formation of macroscopically polar structures whose order can be frozen by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Valentina S. U. Fazio , S. T. Lagerwall , P. Busson , A. Hult , H. Motschmann

We develop a multipolar theory of second-harmonic generation (SHG) by dielectric nanoparticles made of noncentrosymmetric materials with bulk quadratic nonlinearity. We specifically analyze two regimes of optical excitation: illumination by…

We report the observation of optical second harmonic generation (SHG) in single-layer indium selenide (InSe). We measure a second harmonic signal of $>10^3$ $\textrm{cts/s}$ under nonresonant excitation using a home-built confocal…

Ferroelectric materials play a crucial role in a broad range of technologies due to their unique properties that are deeply connected to the pattern and behavior of their ferroelectric (FE) domains. Chief among them, barium titanate…

The efficient optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) of two-dimensional (2D) crystals, coupled with their atomic thickness that circumvents the phase-match problem, has garnered considerable attention. While various 2D heterostructures…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-31 Wontaek Kim , Gyouil Jeong , Juseung Oh , Jihun Kim , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Sunmin Ryu

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy provides label-free imaging of biological tissues with unique contrast mechanisms, but its resolution is limited by the diffraction limit. Here, we present the first experimental demonstration of…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-28 Jungho Moon , Sungsam Kang , Jin Hee Hong , Seokchan Yoon , Wonshik Choi

Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical effect widely used for nonlinear optical microscopy and laser frequency conversion. Closed-form analytical solution of the nonlinear optical responses is essential for…

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with remarkable second-harmonic generation (SHG) hold promise for future on-chip nonlinear optics. Relevant materials with both giant SHG response and environmental stability are long-sought targets. Here, we…

We theoretically demonstrate x-ray second harmonic generation (SHG) with strong-field-driven high harmonic generation (HHG) from core electrons in gas-phase atoms, highlighting its potential as a powerful spectroscopic tool for studying…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Xinhua Xie

As the emerging ferroelectric (FE) materials, the ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) sliding ferroelectrics without phase-matching bottleneck, usually exhibit the pronounced second harmonic generation (SHG) responses. Despite the structural…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-02 Fengfeng Ye , Qiankun Li , Zhuocheng Lu , Xinfeng Chen , Yang Li , Hua Wang , Lu You , Gaoyang Gou

This research will examine the computational methods to calculate the nonlinear optical process of second harmonic generation (SHG) that will be hypothesized to be present during lithium ion insertion into silicon nanowires. First it will…

Optics · Physics 2021-10-19 Donald C. Boone

Second harmonic generation is a powerful tool directly connected to the symmetry of materials. Phase transitions, lattice rotations or electromagnetic coupling in multiferroic compounds can be revealed by using second harmonic…

Optics · Physics 2010-01-11 Pablo Molina , Mariola O Ramirez , Basilio J. Garcia , Luisa E. Bausa

Since the first observation of second harmonic generation (SHG), there have been extensive studies on this nonlinear phenomenon not only to clarify its physical origin but also to realize unconventional functionalities. Nonetheless, a…

The notion of spontaneous symmetry breaking has been used to describe phase transitions in a variety of physical systems. In crystalline solids, the breaking of certain symmetries, such as mirror symmetry, is difficult to detect…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-01 Bryan T. Fichera , Anshul Kogar , Linda Ye , Bilal Gökce , Alfred Zong , Joseph G. Checkelsky , Nuh Gedik

We extend image scanning microscopy to second harmonic generation (SHG) by extracting the complex field amplitude of the second-harmonic beam. While the theory behind coherent image scanning microscopy (ISM) is known, an experimental…

Optics · Physics 2022-03-14 Dekel Raanan , Man Suk Song , William A Tisdale , Dan Oron