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Hierarchical text classification (HTC) assigns documents to multiple levels of a pre-defined taxonomy. Automated patent subject classification represents one of the hardest HTC scenarios because of domain knowledge difficulty and a huge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Lekang Jiang , Wenjun Sun , Stephan Goetz

To advance the development of science and technology, research proposals are submitted to open-court competitive programs developed by government agencies (e.g., NSF). Proposal classification is one of the most important tasks to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Meng Xiao , Ziyue Qiao , Yanjie Fu , Yi Du , Pengyang Wang

The growing complexity of legal cases has lead to an increasing interest in legal information retrieval systems that can effectively satisfy user-specific information needs. However, such downstream systems typically require documents to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Dennis Aumiller , Satya Almasian , Sebastian Lackner , Michael Gertz

Legal documents are unstructured, use legal jargon, and have considerable length, making them difficult to process automatically via conventional text processing techniques. A legal document processing system would benefit substantially if…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Vijit Malik , Rishabh Sanjay , Shouvik Kumar Guha , Angshuman Hazarika , Shubham Nigam , Arnab Bhattacharya , Ashutosh Modi

Traditionally in the domain of legal research, the retrieval of pertinent citations from intricate case descriptions has demanded manual effort and keyword-based search applications that mandate expertise in understanding legal jargon.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Akshat Mohan Dasula , Hrushitha Tigulla , Preethika Bhukya

Legal judgment prediction is the task of automatically predicting the outcome of a court case, given a text describing the case's facts. Previous work on using neural models for this task has focused on Chinese; only feature-based models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Ilias Chalkidis , Ion Androutsopoulos , Nikolaos Aletras

We present our method for tackling the legal case retrieval task of the Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Entailment 2019. Our approach is based on the idea that summarization is important for retrieval. On one hand, we adopt a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Vu Tran , Minh Le Nguyen , Ken Satoh

Writing style is a combination of consistent decisions at different levels of language production including lexical, syntactic, and structural associated to a specific author (or author groups). While lexical-based models have been widely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Fereshteh Jafariakinabad , Sansiri Tarnpradab , Kien A. Hua

This paper conducts a comparative study on the performance of various machine learning (``ML'') approaches for classifying judgments into legal areas. Using a novel dataset of 6,227 Singapore Supreme Court judgments, we investigate how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Jerrold Soh Tsin Howe , Lim How Khang , Ian Ernst Chai

This paper tackles the problem of automatically labelling sentiment-bearing topics with descriptive sentence labels. We propose two approaches to the problem, one extractive and the other abstractive. Both approaches rely on a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Mohamad Hardyman Barawi , Chenghua Lin , Advaith Siddharthan , Yinbin Liu

This paper proposes an incremental method that can be used by an intelligent system to learn better descriptions of a thematic context. The method starts with a small number of terms selected from a simple description of the topic under…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2010-04-28 Carlos M. Lorenzetti , Ana G. Maguitman

In this paper, we transform tag recommendation into a word-based text generation problem and introduce a sequence-to-sequence model. The model inherits the advantages of LSTM-based encoder for sequential modeling and attention-based decoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Xuewen Shi , Heyan Huang , Shuyang Zhao , Ping Jian , Yi-Kun Tang

Tagging items with descriptive annotations or keywords is a very natural way to compress and highlight information about the properties of the given entity. Over the years several methods have been proposed for extracting a hierarchy…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-01-23 Gergely Tibély , Péter Pollner , Tamás Vicsek , Gergely Palla

Importance of document clustering is now widely acknowledged by researchers for better management, smart navigation, efficient filtering, and concise summarization of large collection of documents like World Wide Web (WWW). The next…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2011-12-30 Muhammad Rafi , M. Shahid Shaikh , Amir Farooq

We describe the problem of aggregating the label predictions of diverse classifiers using a class taxonomy. Such a taxonomy may not have been available or referenced when the individual classifiers were designed and trained, yet mapping the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-02 Amrita Saha , Sathish Indurthi , Shantanu Godbole , Subendhu Rongali , Vikas C. Raykar

A legal document is usually long and dense requiring human effort to parse it. It also contains significant amounts of jargon which make deriving insights from it using existing models a poor approach. This paper presents the approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Anshika Gupta , Shaz Furniturewala , Vijay Kumari , Yashvardhan Sharma

Topic modeling has become a crucial method for analyzing text data, particularly for extracting meaningful insights from large collections of documents. However, the output of these models typically consists of lists of keywords that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Trishia Khandelwal

Humans can learn to solve new tasks by inducing high-level strategies from example solutions to similar problems and then adapting these strategies to solve unseen problems. Can we use large language models to induce such high-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Weijia Xu , Nebojsa Jojic , Nicolas Le Roux

Legal document retrieval and judgment prediction are crucial tasks in intelligent legal systems. In practice, determining whether two documents share the same judgments is essential for establishing their relevance in legal retrieval.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Weicong Qin , Zelin Cao , Weijie Yu , Zihua Si , Sirui Chen , Jun Xu

We use the combination of argumentative zoning [1] and a legal argumentative scheme to create legal argumentative segments. Based on the argumentative segmentation, we propose a novel task of classifying argumentative segments of legal case…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Huihui Xu , Kevin Ashley