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We show that diffusion models can achieve image sample quality superior to the current state-of-the-art generative models. We achieve this on unconditional image synthesis by finding a better architecture through a series of ablations. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Prafulla Dhariwal , Alex Nichol

Conditional discrete generative models struggle to faithfully compose multiple input conditions. To address this, we derive a theoretically-grounded formulation for composing discrete probabilistic generative processes, with masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jamie Stirling , Noura Al-Moubayed , Chris G. Willcocks , Hubert P. H. Shum

Conditional discrete generative models struggle to faithfully compose multiple input conditions. To address this, we derive a theoretically-grounded formulation for composing discrete probabilistic generative processes, with masked…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jamie Stirling , Noura Al-Moubayed , Chris G. Willcocks , Hubert P. H. Shum

Modern video codecs and learning-based approaches struggle for semantic reconstruction at extremely low bit-rates due to reliance on low-level spatiotemporal redundancies. Generative models, especially diffusion models, offer a new paradigm…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Maojun Zhang , Haotian Wu , Richeng Jin , Deniz Gunduz , Krystian Mikolajczyk

We propose a new method for separating superimposed sources using diffusion-based generative models. Our method relies only on separately trained statistical priors of independent sources to establish a new objective function guided by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Tejas Jayashankar , Gary C. F. Lee , Alejandro Lancho , Amir Weiss , Yury Polyanskiy , Gregory W. Wornell

This paper introduces Discrete Markov Probabilistic Models (DMPMs), a novel discrete diffusion algorithm for discrete data generation. The algorithm operates in discrete bit space, where the noising process is a continuous-time Markov chain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-09 Le-Tuyet-Nhi Pham , Dario Shariatian , Antonio Ocello , Giovanni Conforti , Alain Durmus

Recently, a number of image-mixing-based augmentation techniques have been introduced to improve the generalization of deep neural networks. In these techniques, two or more randomly selected natural images are mixed together to generate an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Khawar Islam , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Arif Mahmood , Karthik Nandakumar

As generative technologies advance, visual content has evolved into a complex mix of natural and AI-generated images, driving the need for more efficient coding techniques that prioritize perceptual quality. Traditional codecs and learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jianhui Chang

Diffusion language models (DLMs) promise parallel, order-agnostic generation, but on standard benchmarks they have historically lagged behind autoregressive models in sample quality and diversity. Recent continuous flow and diffusion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Georgios Batzolis , Mark Girolami , Luca Ambrogioni

This paper introduces a diffusion-based framework for universal image segmentation, making agnostic segmentation possible without depending on mask-based frameworks and instead predicting the full segmentation in a holistic manner. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jakob Lønborg Christensen , Morten Rieger Hannemose , Anders Bjorholm Dahl , Vedrana Andersen Dahl

While Diffusion Generative Models have achieved great success on image generation tasks, how to efficiently and effectively incorporate them into speech generation especially translation tasks remains a non-trivial problem. Specifically,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Yongxin Zhu , Zhujin Gao , Xinyuan Zhou , Zhongyi Ye , Linli Xu

Scene graphs (SGs) represent objects and their relationships as structured graphs, enabling applications in image generation, robotics, and 3D understanding. Recent work suggests that conditioning image generation on scene graphs improves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rajalaxmi Rajagopalan , Romit Roy Choudhury

Collecting and annotating images with pixel-wise labels is time-consuming and laborious. In contrast, synthetic data can be freely available using a generative model (e.g., DALL-E, Stable Diffusion). In this paper, we show that it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Weijia Wu , Yuzhong Zhao , Mike Zheng Shou , Hong Zhou , Chunhua Shen

Although diffusion models now occupy a central place in generative modeling, introductory treatments commonly assume Euclidean data and seldom clarify their connection to discrete-state analogues. This article is a self-contained primer on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-05 Vincent Pauline , Tobias Höppe , Kirill Neklyudov , Alexander Tong , Stefan Bauer , Andrea Dittadi

Diffusion models have significantly advanced the fields of image, audio, and video generation, but they depend on an iterative sampling process that causes slow generation. To overcome this limitation, we propose consistency models, a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yang Song , Prafulla Dhariwal , Mark Chen , Ilya Sutskever

This paper introduces a discrete diffusion model (DDM) framework for text-aligned speech tokenization and reconstruction. By replacing the auto-regressive speech decoder with a discrete diffusion counterpart, our model achieves…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Pin-Jui Ku , He Huang , Jean-Marie Lemercier , Subham Sekhar Sahoo , Zhehuai Chen , Ante Jukić

Generative AI has redefined artificial intelligence, enabling the creation of innovative content and customized solutions that drive business practices into a new era of efficiency and creativity. In this paper, we focus on diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Zihao Li , Hui Yuan , Kaixuan Huang , Chengzhuo Ni , Yinyu Ye , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

Diffusion models for image generation function by progressively adding noise to an image set and training a model to separate out the signal from the noise. The noise profile used by these models is white noise -- that is, noise based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Andrew Randono

The class-conditional image generation based on diffusion models is renowned for generating high-quality and diverse images. However, most prior efforts focus on generating images for general categories, e.g., 1000 classes in ImageNet-1k. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Ziying Pan , Kun Wang , Gang Li , Feihong He , Yongxuan Lai

We present DiffusionBERT, a new generative masked language model based on discrete diffusion models. Diffusion models and many pre-trained language models have a shared training objective, i.e., denoising, making it possible to combine the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Zhengfu He , Tianxiang Sun , Kuanning Wang , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu
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