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Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) allow controlling the propagation environment in wireless networks by tuning multiple reflecting elements. RISs have been traditionally realized through single connected architectures,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Matteo Nerini , Shanpu Shen , Bruno Clerckx

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been explored as a supportive technology for wireless communication since around 2019. While the literature highlights the potential of RIS in different modern applications, two key issues have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Daniel C. Alcantara , Daniel V. C. de Oliveira , Gilderlan T. de Araújo , Paulo R. B. Gomes , André L. F. de Almeida

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) technologies have been considered as a promising enabler for 6G, enabling advantageous control of electromagnetic (EM) propagation. RIS can be categorized into multiple types based on their…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Yuxiang Zhang , Jianhua Zhang , Zhengfu Zhou , Huiwen Gong , Hongbo Xing , Zhiqiang Yuan , Lei Tian , Li Yu , Guangyi Liu , Tao Jiang

This paper introduces an innovative imaging method using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) by combining radar coincidence imaging (RCI) and computational imaging techniques. In the proposed framework, RISs simultaneously redirect…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Kavian Zirak , Mohammadreza F. Imani

This paper considers an antenna structure where a (non-large) array of radiating elements is placed at short distance in front of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), herein nicknamed reconfigurable intelligent base station (RIBS).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Giovanni Interdonato , Francesca Di Murro , Carmen D'Andrea , Giovanni Di Gennaro , Stefano Buzzi

Originally introduced in the early 2010's, the idea of smart environments through reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) controlling the reflections of the electromagnetic waves has attracted much attention in recent years in preparation…

In this work, we tackle the problem of beampattern design for a transmit system employing a large reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to redirect radio frequency signals emitted by a few active antennas (sources). We begin by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Ciro D'Elia , Emanuele Grossi , Luca Venturino

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) refers to a signal reflection surface containing a large number of low-cost passive reflecting elements. RIS can improve the performance of radar and communication systems by dynamically modulating…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Da Li , Bo Tang , Xuyang Wang , Wenjun Wu , Lei Xue

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided networks have been investigated for the purpose of improving the system performance. However, the introduced unit modulus phase shifts and coupling characteristic bring enormous challenges to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Biqian Feng , Junyuan Gao , Yongpeng Wu , Wenjun Zhang , Xiang-Gen Xia , Chengshan Xiao

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) constitute passive devices, which are capable of adjusting the phase shifts of their reflected signals, and hence they are suitable for passive beamforming. In this paper, we conceive their design with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-03 Chenghao Feng , Wenqian Shen , Xinyu Gao , Jianping An

The envisioned sixth-generation (6G) of wireless networks will involve an intelligent integration of communications and computing, thereby meeting the urgent demands of diverse applications. To realize the concept of the smart radio…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Bo Yang , Xuelin Cao , Jindan Xu , Chongwen Huang , George C. Alexandropoulos , Linglong Dai , M'erouane Debbah , H. Vincent Poor , Chau Yuen

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) has recently been regarded as a paradigm-shifting technology beyond 5G, for its flexibility on smartly adjusting the response to the impinging electromagnetic (EM) waves. Usually, RIS can be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Jiangfeng Hu , Haifan Yin , Li Tan , Lin Cao , Xilong Pei

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology for metasurfaces is ushering in a new paradigm for wireless communication systems. It provides an accessible way for controlling the interaction between electromagnetic waves with the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 P. H. C. de Souza , M. Khazaee , L. L. Mendes

Smart radio environments (SREs) are seen as a key rising concept of next generation wireless networks, where propagation channels between transmitters and receivers are purposely controlled. One promising approach to achieve such channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-15 Moustafa Rahal , Benoît Denis , Kamran Keykhosravi , Furkan Keskin , Bernard Uguen , George C. Alexandropoulos , Henk Wymeersch

Cell-Free Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) are two promising technologies for application to beyond-5G networks. This paper considers Cell-Free Massive MIMO systems with the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Trinh Van Chien , Hien Quoc Ngo , Symeon Chatzinotas , Marco Di Renzo , Björn Ottersten

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is capable of manipulating electromagnetic waves with its flexibly configurable unit cells, thus is an appealing technology to resist fast fading caused by multi-path in wireless communications. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Ruya Zhou , Xiangyu Chen , Wankai Tang , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Ertugrul Basar , Qiang Cheng , Tie Jun Cui

Given the proliferation of wireless sensors and smart mobile devices, an explosive escalation of the volume of data is anticipated. However, restricted by their limited physical sizes and low manufacturing costs, these wireless devices tend…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-23 Tong Bai , Cunhua Pan , Chao Han , Lajos Hanzo

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have been proposed as a revolutionary technology with the potential to address several critical requirements of 6G communication systems. Despite its powerful ability for radio environment…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Yun Yang , Zhiping Lu , Ming Li , Rang Liu , Qian Liu

This paper proposes a novel optimization framework for discrete phase shifts of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) using a coherent Ising machine (CIM). Unlike conventional methods based on iterative convex approximation or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yuto Hama , Daisuke Kitayama , Kensuke Inaba , Toshimori Honjo , Hiroki Takesue , Naoki Ishikawa , Hiroyuki Takahashi

In this paper, the problem of robust reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) system design under changes in data distributions is investigated. Using the notion of invariant risk minimization (IRM), an invariant causal representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Sumudu Samarakoon , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis