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The generalization of neural networks is a central challenge in machine learning, especially concerning the performance under distributions that differ from training ones. Current methods, mainly based on the data-driven paradigm such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Yige Yuan , Bingbing Xu , Bo Lin , Liang Hou , Fei Sun , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are widely used to model biological, (bio-)chemical and technical processes. The parameters of these ODEs are often estimated from experimental data using ODE-constrained optimisation. This article…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-11-06 Anna Fiedler , Fabian J. Theis , Jan Hasenauer

We consider the primal and dual forms of the optimality conditions for PDE-contrained optimization problems arising in Data-Driven Computational Mechanics when specialized to the reaction-diffusion context. Starting with the continuous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Ramon Codina , Roberto Federico Ausas , Pedro Balbão Bazon , Cristian Guillermo Gebhardt

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are widely used to describe dynamical systems in science, but identifying parameters that explain experimental measurements is challenging. In particular, although ODEs are differentiable and would…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Jonas Beck , Nathanael Bosch , Michael Deistler , Kyra L. Kadhim , Jakob H. Macke , Philipp Hennig , Philipp Berens

Method-of-lines discretizations are demanding test problems for stiff integration methods. However, for PDE problems with known analytic solution the presence of space discretization errors or the need to use codes to compute reference…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-24 Jens Lang , Bernhard A. Schmitt

This paper provides a rigorous convergence rate and complexity analysis for a recently introduced framework, called PDE acceleration, for solving problems in the calculus of variations, and explores applications to obstacle problems. PDE…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Jeff Calder , Anthony Yezzi

Most inverse problems from physical sciences are formulated as PDE-constrained optimization problems. This involves identifying unknown parameters in equations by optimizing the model to generate PDE solutions that closely match measured…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Qin Li , Li Wang , Yunan Yang

Diffusion models have shown remarkable success in text-to-image generation, making preference alignment for these models increasingly important. The preference labels are typically available only at the terminal of denoising trajectories,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Dingyuan Shi , Yong Wang , Hangyu Li , Xiangxiang Chu

Shape optimization with constraints given by partial differential equations (PDE) is a highly developed field of optimization theory. The elegant adjoint formalism allows to compute shape gradients at the computational cost of a further PDE…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-03 Matthias Bolten , Onur Tanil Doganay , Hanno Gottschalk , Kathrin Klamroth

We consider the problem of optimization of cost functionals on the infinite-dimensional manifold of diffeomorphisms. We present a new class of optimization methods, valid for any optimization problem setup on the space of diffeomorphisms by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-25 Ganesh Sundaramoorthi , Anthony Yezzi

The inverse diffusion curve problem focuses on automatic creation of diffusion curve images that resemble user provided color fields. This problem is challenging since the 1D curves have a nonlinear and global impact on resulting color…

Graphics · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Shuang Zhao , Fredo Durand , Changxi Zheng

A space-time interface-fitted approximation of an inverse source problem for the advection-diffusion equation with moving subdomains is investigated. The problem is reformulated as an optimization problem using Tikhonov regularization. A…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-11 Thi Thanh Mai Ta , Quang Huy Nguyen , Dinh Nho Hào

This paper presents a novel partial differential equation (PDE)-based framework for controlling an ensemble of robots, which have limited sensing and actuation capabilities and exhibit stochastic behaviors, to perform mapping and coverage…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Karthik Elamvazhuthi , Hendrik Kuiper , Spring Berman

The Fractional Diffusion Equation (FDE) is a mathematical model that describes anomalous transport phenomena characterized by non-local and long-range dependencies which deviate from the traditional behavior of diffusion. Solving this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Mohammad Partohaghighi , Emmanuel Asante-Asamani , Olaniyi S. Iyiola

This work presents an efficient numerical method based on spectral expansions for simulation of heat and moisture diffusive transfers through multilayered porous materials. Traditionally, by using the finite-difference approach, the problem…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Suelen Gasparin , Denys Dutykh , Nathan Mendes

We consider two steady-state heat conduction systems called, $S$ and $S_\alpha$, in a multidimensional bounded domain $D$ for the Poisson equation with source energy $g$. In one system, we impose mixed boundary conditions (temperature $b$…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Julieta Bollati , Mariela C. Olguin , Domingo A. Tarzia

The optimization of the latents and parameters of diffusion models with respect to some differentiable metric defined on the output of the model is a challenging and complex problem. The sampling for diffusion models is done by solving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Zander W. Blasingame , Chen Liu

Optimal transport problems pose many challenges when considering their numerical treatment. We investigate the solution of a PDE-constrained optimisation problem subject to a particular transport equation arising from the modelling of image…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-01-15 Roland Herzog , John W. Pearson , Martin Stoll

We consider the optimal control of singular nonlinear partial differential equation which is the distributional formulation of the multiphase Stefan type free boundary problem for the general second order parabolic equation. Boundary heat…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-03-03 Ugur G. Abdulla , Evan Cosgrove

We present a unified framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using video-inpainting diffusion transformer models. Unlike existing methods that devise specialized strategies for either forward or inverse problems under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Edward Li , Zichen Wang , Jiahe Huang , Jeong Joon Park