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Let $G$ be a finite group and let $\pi(G)=\{p_1, p_2, \ldots, p_k\}$ be the set of prime divisors of $|G|$ for which $p_1<p_2<\cdots<p_k$. The Gruenberg-Kegel graph of $G$, denoted ${\rm GK}(G)$, is defined as follows: its vertex set is…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-16 A. Mohammadzadeh , A. R. Moghaddamfar

The prime graph $\Gamma(G)$ of a finite group $G$ (also known as the Gruenberg-Kegel graph) has as its vertices the prime divisors of $|G|$, and $p\text-q$ is an edge in $\Gamma(G)$ if and only if $G$ has an element of order $pq$. Since…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-30 Ziyu Huang , Thomas Michael Keller , Shane Kissinger , Wen Plotnick , Maya Roma , Yong Yang

For a finite group $G$, let $\Delta(G)$ denote the character graph built on the set of degrees of the irreducible complex characters of $G$. In this paper, we determine the structure of all finite groups $G$ with $K_4$-free character graph…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Mahdi Ebrahimi

Let $G$ be a finite group and construct a graph $\Delta(G)$ by taking $G\setminus\{1\}$ as the vertex set of $\Delta(G)$ and by drawing an edge between two vertices $x$ and $y$ if $\langle x,y\rangle$ is cyclic. Let $K(G)$ be the set…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-12 David G. Costanzo , Mark L. Lewis , Stefano Schmidt , Eyob Tsegaye , Gabe Udell

We investigate prime character degree graphs of solvable groups that have six vertices. There are one hundred twelve non-isomorphic connected graphs with six vertices, of which all except nine are classified in this paper. We also…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-08-22 Mark W. Bissler , Jacob Laubacher , Mark L. Lewis

Let \(G\) be a finite solvable group, and let \(\Delta(G)\) denote the \emph{prime graph} built on the set of degrees of the irreducible complex characters of \(G\). A fundamental result by P.P. P\'alfy asserts that the complement…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-15 Zeinab Akhlaghi , Carlo Casolo , Silvio Dolfi , Khatoon Khedri , Emanuele Pacifici

The prime graph of a finite group $G$, which is denoted by ${\rm GK}(G)$, is a simple graph whose vertex set is comprised of the prime divisors of $|G|$ and two distinct prime divisors $p$ and $q$ are joined by an edge if and only if there…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-19 B Akbari , A. R. Moghaddamfar

We continue the study of prime graphs of finite groups, also known as Gruenberg-Kegel graphs. The vertices of the prime graph of a finite group are the prime divisors of the group order, and two vertices $p$ and $q$ are connected by an edge…

Suppose $\Gamma$ is a finite simple graph. If $D$ is a dominating set of $\Gamma$ such that each $x\in D$ is contained in the set of vertices of an odd cycle of $\Gamma$, then we say that $D$ is an odd dominating set for $\Gamma$. For a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-09 Mahdi Ebrahimi

Let $\Gamma$ be an undirected and simple graph. A set $ S $ of vertices in $\Gamma$ is called a {cyclic vertex cutset} of $\Gamma$ if $\Gamma - S$ is disconnected and has at least two components each containing a cycle. If $\Gamma$ has a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Ramesh Prasad Panda , Papi Ray

T.C. Burness and S.D. Scott \cite{3} classified finite groups $G$ such that the number of prime order subgroups of $G$ is greater than $|G|/2-1$. In this note, we study finite groups $G$ whose subgroup graph contains a vertex of degree…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-05 Marius Tărnăuceanu

In this paper we study prime graphs of finite groups. The prime graph of a finite group $G$, also known as the Gruenberg-Kegel graph, is the graph with vertex set {primes dividing $|G|$} and an edge $p$-$q$ if and only if there exists an…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-04 Chris Florez , Jonathan Higgins , Kyle Huang , Thomas Michael Keller , Dawei Shen , Yong Yang

Let $G$ be a finite solvable group and let $\Delta(G)$ be the character degree graph of $G$. In this paper, we obtain the metric dimension of certain character degree graphs. Specifically, we calculate the metric dimension for a regular…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Peter J. Cameron , G. Sivanesan , C. Selvaraj , T. Tamizh Chelvam , Jacob Laubacher

For a finite group $G$, let $\Delta(G)$ denote the character graph built on the set of degrees of the irreducible complex characters of $G$. Akhlaghi and Tong-Viet in \cite{[AT]} conjectured that if for some positive integer $n$,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-18 Mahdi Ebrahimi

Given a finite group $G$, its prime graph $\Gamma(G)$ (also known as its Gruenberg-Kegel graph) is the graph whose vertices are the prime divisors of $|G|$ and where edges $\{p, q\}$ exist whenever $G$ contains an element of order $pq$. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lucas Alland , Andrei Fridman , Thomas Michael Keller

In this paper, an effort is made to classify which prime character degree graphs having eight vertices occur for some finite solvable group. To approach this, we compile known results and constructions from the literature which are used to…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Mark L. Lewis , Andrew Summers

The power graph $\mathcal{P}(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $G$, in which two distinct vertices are adjacent if one of them is an integral power of the other. For an integer $n\geq 2$, let $C_n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-28 Ramesh Prasad Panda , Kamal Lochan Patra , Binod Kumar Sahoo

Let $G$ be a finite group, and let $\Delta(G)$ be the prime graph built on its set of conjugacy class sizes: this is the (simple undirected) graph whose vertices are the prime numbers dividing some conjugacy class size of $G$, and two…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-16 Víctor Sotomayor

Let $G$ be a finite solvable group with disconnected character degree graph $\Delta(G)$. Under these conditions, it follows from a result of P\'alfy that $\Delta(G)$ consists of two connected components. Another result of P\'alfy's gives an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Mark L. Lewis , Andrew Summers

If $G$ is a solvable group, we take $\Delta (G)$ to be the character degree graph for $G$ with primes as vertices. We prove that if $\Delta (G)$ is a square, then $G$ must be a direct product.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-13 Mark L. Lewis , Qingyun Meng