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The Lindblad equation determines the time evolution of the density operator of open quantum systems. While valid for any system size, its use is, in practice, restricted to prototype/surrogate models with the aim of tackling specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Benedikt M. Reible , Somayeh Ahmadkhani , Luigi Delle Site

We present a general quantum fluctuation theorem for the entropy production of an open quantum system coupled to multiple environments, not necessarily at equilibrium. Such a general theorem, when restricted to the weak-coupling and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Gabriele De Chiara , Alberto Imparato

The effective dynamics of a system interacting with a bath or environment is presented in two ways, (1) the (LGKS) replacement of the von Neuman equation for the density matrix and (2) the Feynman-Vernon path-integral derivation, by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Jose A. Magpantay

The quantum master equation is a widespread approach to describing open quantum system dynamics. In this approach, the effect of the environment on the system evolution is entirely captured by the dynamical generator, providing a compact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-27 Jan Kolodynski , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Marti Perarnau-Llobet , Bogna Bylicka

We construct lower bounds to the spectral gap of a family of Lindblad generators known as Davies maps. These maps describe the thermalization of quantum systems weakly coupled to a heat bath. The steady state of these systems is given by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-10 Kristan Temme

We provide a class of quantum evolution beyond Markovian semigroup. This class is governed by a hybrid Davies like generator such that dissipation is controlled by a suitable memory kernel and decoherence by standard GKLS generator. These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-30 Dariusz Chruściński

A $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric, non-Hermitian Hamiltonian in the $\mathcal{PT}$-unbroken regime can lead to unitary dynamics under the appropriate choice of the Hilbert space. The Hilbert space is determined by a Hamiltonian-compatible inner…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Himanshu Badhani , Subhashish Banerjee , C. M. Chandrashekar

The evolution of open systems, subject to both Hamiltonian and dissipative forces, is studied by writing the $nm$ element of the time ($t$) dependent density matrix in the form \ber \rho_{nm}(t)&=& \frac {1}{A} \sum_{\alpha=1}^A \gamma…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Yahalom , R. Englman

The Lindblad equation for open quantum systems is central to our understanding of coherence and entanglement in the presence of Markovian dissipation. In closed quantum systems Hilbert-space fragmentation is an effective mechanism for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Dawid Paszko , Christopher J. Turner , Dominic C. Rose , Arijeet Pal

We consider the description of open quantum systems with probability sinks (or sources) in terms of general non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.~Within such a framework, we study novel possible definitions of the quantum linear entropy as an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-20 Alessandro Sergi , Paolo V. Giaquinta

The recent topological classification of non-Hermitian `Hamiltonians' is usually interpreted in terms of pure quantum states that decay or grow with time. However, many-body systems with loss and gain are typically better described by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Alexandre Chaduteau , Derek K. K. Lee , Frank Schindler

The time evolution of an open quantum system is governed by the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindlad equation for the reduced density operator of the system. This operator is obtained from the full density operator of the composite system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Aleek Maity , V V Sreedhar

We study dissipative phase transitions in a system of two coupled fully-connected quantum Ising models interacting with an environment. The dynamics is governed by a Lindblad master equation combining coherent unitary evolution and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-01 Bidyut Dey , Andrea Nava , Domenico Giuliano

The dynamics of a typical open quantum system, namely a quantum Brownian particle in a harmonic potential, is studied focussing on its non-Markovian regime. Both an analytic approach and a stochastic wave function approach are used to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Maniscalco , J. Piilo , F. Intravaia , F. Petruccione , A. Messina

By exploiting the peculiarities of a recently introduced formalism for describing open quantum systems (the Parametric Representation with Environmental Coherent States) we derive an equation of motion for the reduced density operator of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Giovanni Spaventa , Paola Verrucchi

The dynamics generated by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are often less intuitive than those of conventional Hermitian systems. Even for models as simple as a complexified harmonic oscillator, the dynamics for generic initial states shows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Katherine Holmes , Wasim Rehman , Simon Malzard , Eva-Maria Graefe

Applying the theory of self-adjoint extensions of Hermitian operators to Koopman von Neumann classical mechanics, the most general set of probability distributions is found for which entropy is conserved by Hamiltonian evolution. A new…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-06-24 Gerard McCaul , Alexander Pechen , Denys I. Bondar

The Lindblad equation is an evolution equation for the density matrix in quantum theory. It is the general linear, Markovian, form which ensures that the density matrix is hermitian, trace 1, positive and completely positive. Some…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Philip Pearle

We study the critical behavior of the nonequilibrium dynamics and of the steady states emerging from the competition between coherent and dissipative dynamics close to quantum phase transitions. The latter is induced by the coupling of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-26 Davide Rossini , Ettore Vicari

In this paper, we investigate the problem of simulating open system dynamics governed by the well-known Lindblad master equation. In our prequel paper, we introduced an input model in which Lindblad operators are encoded into pure quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-14 Dhrumil Patel , Mark M. Wilde