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We study the stochastic bilinear minimax optimization problem, presenting an analysis of the same-sample Stochastic ExtraGradient (SEG) method with constant step size, and presenting variations of the method that yield favorable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-11 Chris Junchi Li , Yaodong Yu , Nicolas Loizou , Gauthier Gidel , Yi Ma , Nicolas Le Roux , Michael I. Jordan

We formulate a general framework for competitive gradient-based learning that encompasses a wide breadth of multi-agent learning algorithms, and analyze the limiting behavior of competitive gradient-based learning algorithms using dynamical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Eric Mazumdar , Lillian J. Ratliff , S. Shankar Sastry

This paper considers no-regret learning for repeated continuous-kernel games with lossy bandit feedback. Since it is difficult to give the explicit model of the utility functions in dynamic environments, the players' action can only be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Wenting Liu , Jinlong Lei , Peng Yi , Yiguang Hong

Reinforcement learning (RL) often has a hierarchical structure, where an upper-level (UL) learner selects model parameters and a lower-level (LL) decision-making process responds, naturally leading to a bilevel optimization problem. Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zihao Zheng , Irwin King , Songtao Lu

No-regret learning has a long history of being closely connected to game theory. Recent works have devised uncoupled no-regret learning dynamics that, when adopted by all the players in normal-form games, converge to various equilibrium…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Weichao Mao , Haoran Qiu , Chen Wang , Hubertus Franke , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk , Tamer Başar

Averaging scheme has attracted extensive attention in deep learning as well as traditional machine learning. It achieves theoretically optimal convergence and also improves the empirical model performance. However, there is still a lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wei Tao , Wei Li , Zhisong Pan , Qing Tao

Gradient descent ascent (GDA), the simplest single-loop algorithm for nonconvex minimax optimization, is widely used in practical applications such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and adversarial training. Albeit its desirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Junchi Yang , Antonio Orvieto , Aurelien Lucchi , Niao He

Gradient descent-ascent (GDA) flows play a central role in finding saddle points of bivariate functionals, with applications in optimization, game theory, and robust control. While they are well-understood in Hilbert and Banach spaces via…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-26 Noboru Isobe , Sho Shimoyama

Despite remarkable empirical success, the training dynamics of generative adversarial networks (GAN), which involves solving a minimax game using stochastic gradients, is still poorly understood. In this work, we analyze last-iterate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Ernest K. Ryu , Kun Yuan , Wotao Yin

In this paper, we study zeroth-order algorithms for minimax optimization problems that are nonconvex in one variable and strongly-concave in the other variable. Such minimax optimization problems have attracted significant attention lately…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-06 Zhongruo Wang , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Shiqian Ma , Meisam Razaviyayn

In this paper, we study a large-scale multi-agent minimax optimization problem, which models many interesting applications in statistical learning and game theory, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). The overall objective is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zhenyu Sun , Ermin Wei

Two-player complete-information game trees are perhaps the simplest possible setting for studying general-sum games and the computational problem of finding equilibria. These games admit a simple bottom-up algorithm for finding subgame…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Michael L. Littman , Nishkam Ravi , Arjun Talwar , Martin Zinkevich

We study the global convergence of policy optimization for finding the Nash equilibria (NE) in zero-sum linear quadratic (LQ) games. To this end, we first investigate the landscape of LQ games, viewing it as a nonconvex-nonconcave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

This paper presents a new primal-dual method for computing an equilibrium of generalized (continuous) Nash game (referred to as generalized Nash equilibrium problem (GNEP)) where each player's feasible strategy set depends on the other…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Jong Gwang Kim

Delays and asynchrony are inevitable in large-scale machine-learning problems where communication plays a key role. As such, several works have extensively analyzed stochastic optimization with delayed gradients. However, as far as we are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Arman Adibi , Aritra Mitra , Hamed Hassani

We consider the problem of finding a Nash equilibrium (NE) in a general-sum game, where player $i$'s objective is $f_i(x)=f_i(x_1,...,x_n)$, with $x_j\in\mathbb{R}^{d_j}$ denoting the strategy variables of player $j$. Our focus is on…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yutong Chao , Jalal Etesami

This paper investigates the sublinear regret guarantees of two non-no-regret algorithms in zero-sum games: Fictitious Play, and Online Gradient Descent with constant stepsizes. In general adversarial online learning settings, both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 John Lazarsfeld , Georgios Piliouras , Ryann Sim , Andre Wibisono

This paper shows the existence of $\mathcal{O}(\frac{1}{n^\gamma})$-Nash equilibria in $n$-player noncooperative sum-aggregative games in which the players' cost functions, depending only on their own action and the average of all players'…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Kang Liu , Nadia Oudjane , Cheng Wan

Min-max optimization problems arise in several key machine learning setups, including adversarial learning and generative modeling. In their general form, in absence of convexity/concavity assumptions, finding pure equilibria of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Carles Domingo-Enrich , Joan Bruna

Regret-based algorithms are highly efficient at finding approximate Nash equilibria in sequential games such as poker games. However, most regret-based algorithms, including counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) and its variants, rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Chung-Wei Lee , Christian Kroer , Haipeng Luo