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It is shown that the spectral amplitude of gravitational-wave (GW) ringdown of a Kerr black hole sourced by an extreme mass ratio merger can be modeled by the $\textit{greybody factor}$, which quantifies the scattering nature of the black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-04 Naritaka Oshita

Distorted black holes radiate gravitational waves. In the so-called ringdown phase radiation is emitted in a discrete set of complex quasinormal frequencies, whose values depend only on the black hole's mass and angular momentum. Ringdown…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso

It was recently shown that, in a binary coalescence, the greybody factor of the remnant black hole modulates the post-merger ringdown signal. In this work, we demonstrate that a simple four-parameter model based on the greybody factor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-14 Romeo Felice Rosato , Sophia Yi , Emanuele Berti , Paolo Pani

The spectral amplitude of the merger-ringdown gravitational wave (GW) emitted by a comparable mass-ratio black hole merger is modeled by the greybody factor of the remnant black hole. We also include the post-Newtonian correction to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-31 Kazumasa Okabayashi , Naritaka Oshita

In black hole perturbation formalism, the gravitational waveform is obtained by the convolution of the Green's function and the source term causing radiation emission. Hence, the ringdown properties, namely its start time, depend on both…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-09 Naritaka Oshita , Vitor Cardoso

The final stage of a binary black hole merger is ringdown, in which the system is described by a Kerr black hole with quasinormal mode perturbations. It is far from straightforward to identify the time at which the ringdown begins. Yet…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-06 Swetha Bhagwat , Maria Okounkova , Stefan W. Ballmer , Duncan A. Brown , Matthew Giesler , Mark A. Scheel , Saul A. Teukolsky

It is possible to infer the mass and spin of the remnant black hole from binary black hole mergers by comparing the ringdown gravitational wave signal to results from studies of perturbed Kerr spacetimes. Typically these studies are based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-13 Matthew Giesler , Maximiliano Isi , Mark Scheel , Saul Teukolsky

In general relativity, the remnant object originating from an uncharged black hole merger is a Kerr black hole. The approach to this final state is reached through the emission of a late train of radiation known as the black hole ringdown.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-10 Xisco Jiménez Forteza , Pierre Mourier

The analytical understanding of quasinormal mode ringing requires an accurate knowledge of the Green's function describing the response of the black hole to external perturbations. We carry out a comprehensive study of quasinormal mode…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-23 Zhongyang Zhang , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso

The ongoing observations of merging black holes by the instruments of the fledging gravitational wave astronomy has opened the way for testing the general relativistic Kerr black hole metric and, at the same time, for probing the existence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-07 Kostas Glampedakis , George Pappas

The ringdown of a perturbed black hole (BH) can be described as a superposition of quasinormal modes (QNMs), whose frequencies are determined by the spacetime geometry while their amplitudes depend also on the perturbing source. However,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-26 Alejandro Svyatkovskyy Kholyavka , Jose Antonio León Vega , Samuel Gómez Gómez , Xisco Jiménez Forteza , Sayak Datta

We present GreyRing, a new model for the post-merger signal in black-hole binary coalescences based on the greybody factor of the remnant. The model accurately reproduces the full frequency-domain ringdown signal of a large set of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-20 Romeo Felice Rosato , Francesco Crescimbeni , Sophia Yi , Emanuele Berti , Paolo Pani

We study greybody factors, absorption cross sections and Hawking energy-emission rates for minimally coupled massless scalar, electromagnetic and massless Dirac test fields on the loop-quantum-gravity-inspired holonomy-corrected…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-29 Bekir Can Lütfüoğlu , Javlon Rayimbaev , Bekzod Rahmatov , Saidmuhammad Ahmedov , Nuriddin Kurbonov

We investigate how resonant excitation near exceptional points manifests in Kerr black hole ringdown waveforms and examine its extraction. Using waveforms generated by localized initial data, where quasinormal mode amplitudes are given…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-27 Kei-ichiro Kubota , Hayato Motohashi

We construct a new static, spherically symmetric black hole spacetime embedded in a dark matter halo whose density follows the cored Burkert profile. Starting from the halo-only geometry determined by the rotation curve relation, we solve…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-12 Yi Yang , Gaetano Lambiase , Ali Ovgun , Dong Liu , Zheng-Wen Long

The ringdown phase of a binary black hole merger is modelled by the quasi-normal modes of a perturbed Kerr black hole. According to the black hole no-hair theorem, the emitted ringdown spectra are constrained by the mass and spin of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-12 Zaryab Ahmed , Shilpa Kastha , Alex B. Nielsen

We propose a novel, frequency-domain approach to the analysis of the gravitational-wave ringdown signal of binary black holes and the identification of quasinormal mode frequencies of the remnant. Our approach avoids the issues of spectral…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-11 Eliot Finch , Christopher J. Moore

The remnant of a black hole binary merger settles into a stationary configuration by "ringing down" through the emission of gravitational waves that consist of a superposition of damped exponentials with discrete complex frequencies - the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-11 Matteo Della Rocca , Laura Pezzella , Emanuele Berti , Leonardo Gualtieri , Andrea Maselli

We discuss a new ringdown frequency mode for vacuum perturbations of the Kerr black hole. We evolve initial data for the vacuum radial Teukolsky equation using a near horizon approximation, and find a frequency mode analogous to that found…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-19 Aaron Zimmerman , Yanbei Chen

A hairy black hole (HBH) emerges due to matter surrounding the Schwarzschild metric when using the Extended Gravitational Decoupling (GD) approach. The fermionic greybody factors (GFs) and quasinormal modes (QNMs) as well as Hawking spectra…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-13 Ahmad Al-Badawi , Sohan Kumar Jha , Anisur Rahaman
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