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To ensure user acceptance of autonomous vehicles (AVs), control systems are being developed to mimic human drivers from demonstrations of desired driving behaviors. Imitation learning (IL) algorithms serve this purpose, but struggle to…
AI safety systems face the dual-use dilemma. It is unclear whether to answer dual-use requests, since the same query could be either harmless or harmful depending on who made it and why. To make better decisions, such systems would need to…
Access control is an important component for web services such as a cloud. Current clouds tend to design the access control mechanism together with the policy language on their own. It leads to two issues: (i) a cloud user has to learn…
Designing and implementing an intelligent and user friendly human machine interface for any kind of software or hardware oriented application is always be a challenging task for the designers and developers because it is very difficult to…
Introductory programming courses often rely on small code-writing exercises that have clearly specified problem statements. This limits opportunities for students to practice how to clarify ambiguous requirements -- a critical skill in…
Machine learning (ML) models deployed in many safety- and business-critical systems are vulnerable to exploitation through adversarial examples. A large body of academic research has thoroughly explored the causes of these blind spots,…
This paper presents a safe model predictive control (SMPC) framework designed to ensure the satisfaction of hard constraints for systems perturbed by an external disturbance. Such safety guarantees are ensured, despite the disturbance, by…
Ladder Logics is a programming language standardized in IEC 61131-3 and widely used for programming industrial Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC). A PLC program consists of inputs (whose values are given at runtime by factory sensors),…
In recent years, configuration problems have drawn tremendous attention because of their increasing prevalence and their big impact on system availability. We believe that many of these problems are attributable to today's configuration…
Regulations for privacy protection aim to protect individuals from the unauthorized storage, processing, and transfer of their personal data but oftentimes fail in providing helpful support for understanding these regulations. To better…
Chip design is about to be revolutionized by the integration of large language, multimodal, and circuit models (collectively LxMs). While exploring this exciting frontier with tremendous potential, the community must also carefully consider…
Ensuring communications security in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) indeed is critical; due to the criticality of the resources in the sensor nodes as well as due to their ubiquitous and pervasive deployment, with varying attributes and…
This paper presents an approach to model an unknown Ladder Logic based Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) program consisting of Boolean logic and counters using Process Mining techniques. First, we tap the inputs and outputs of a PLC to…
This article surveys blockchain-based approaches for several security services. These services include authentication, confidentiality, privacy, and access control list (ACL), data and resource provenance, and integrity assurance. All these…
AI safety is still largely framed as alignment: training models to follow human preferences, safety policies, and normative constraints. That framing has improved the behavior of modern language models, but aligned behavior does not by…
Machine learning (ML) is finding its way into safety-critical systems (SCS). Current safety standards and practice were not designed to cope with ML techniques, and it is difficult to be confident that SCSs that contain ML components are…
To provide safety guarantees for learning-based control systems, recent work has developed formal verification methods to apply after training ends. However, if the trained policy does not meet the specifications, or there is conservatism…
In this relatively informal discussion-paper we summarise issues in the domains of safety and security in machine learning that will affect industry sectors in the next five to ten years. Various products using neural network…
LLM-enabled applications are rapidly reshaping the software ecosystem by using large language models as core reasoning components for complex task execution. This paradigm shift, however, introduces fundamentally new reliability challenges…
Autonomous vehicles rely on machine learning to solve challenging tasks in perception and motion planning. However, automotive software safety standards have not fully evolved to address the challenges of machine learning safety such as…