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Large language models (LLMs) excel at logical and algorithmic reasoning, yet their emotional intelligence (EQ) still lags far behind their cognitive prowess. While reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) has advanced in other…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled understanding webpage contexts, product details, and human instructions. Utilizing LLMs as the foundational architecture for either reward models or policies in reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Shuang Feng , Grace Feng

Designing the dialogue policy of a spoken dialogue system involves many nontrivial choices. This paper presents a reinforcement learning approach for automatically optimizing a dialogue policy, which addresses the technical challenges in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-06-06 M. Kearns , D. Litman , S. Singh , M. Walker

In order to build dialogue systems to tackle the ambitious task of holding social conversations, we argue that we need a data driven approach that includes insight into human conversational chit chat, and which incorporates different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Kevin K. Bowden , Shereen Oraby , Amita Misra , Jiaqi Wu , Stephanie Lukin

Foundation models have shown impressive adaptation and scalability in supervised and self-supervised learning problems, but so far these successes have not fully translated to reinforcement learning (RL). In this work, we demonstrate that…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for text generation. In particular, recent LLMs such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 can engage in fluent conversations with users after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jonathan D. Chang , Kiante Brantley , Rajkumar Ramamurthy , Dipendra Misra , Wen Sun

We are developing a system for human-robot communication that enables people to communicate with robots in a natural way and is focused on solving problems in a shared space. Our strategy for developing this system is fundamentally…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Michael Wollowski , Carlotta Berry , Ryder Winck , Alan Jern , David Voltmer , Alan Chiu , Yosi Shibberu

This paper presents a novel approach that supports natural language voice instructions to guide deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms when training self-driving cars. DRL methods are popular approaches for autonomous vehicle (AV)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Mingze Wang , Ziyang Zhang , Grace Hui Yang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a critical paradigm for LLM post-training, yet the rollout phase -- accounting for 50--80% of total step time -- is bottlenecked by skewed generation: long-tailed trajectories indispensable for model…

Despite many recent advances for the design of dialogue systems, a true bottleneck remains the acquisition of data required to train its components. Unlike many other language processing applications, dialogue systems require interactions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Matthieu Riou , Bassam Jabaian , Stéphane Huet , Fabrice Lefèvre

As more and more AI agents are used in practice, it is time to think about how to make these agents fully autonomous so that they can (1) learn by themselves continually in a self-motivated and self-initiated manner rather than being…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Bing Liu , Sahisnu Mazumder , Eric Robertson , Scott Grigsby

Personalized alignment is essential for enabling large language models (LLMs) to engage effectively in user-centric dialogue. While recent prompt-based and offline optimization methods offer preliminary solutions, they fall short in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Weixiang Zhao , Xingyu Sui , Yulin Hu , Jiahe Guo , Haixiao Liu , Biye Li , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

This paper is concerned with the training of recurrent neural networks as goal-oriented dialog agents using reinforcement learning. Training such agents with policy gradients typically requires a large amount of samples. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Rui Zhao , Volker Tresp

Reinforcement learning techniques successfully generate convincing agent behaviors, but it is still difficult to tailor the behavior to align with a user's specific preferences. What is missing is a communication method for the system to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Christian Arzate Cruz , Takeo Igarashi

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has acquired a prominent position in health-related sequential decision-making problems, gaining traction as a valuable tool for delivering adaptive interventions (AIs). However, in part due to a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-16 Nina Deliu , Joseph Jay Williams , Bibhas Chakraborty

The effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in Large Language Models (LLMs) depends on the nature and diversity of the data used before and during RL. In particular, reasoning problems can often be approached in multiple ways that rely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Aswin RRV , Jacob Dineen , Divij Handa , Mihir Parmar , Ben Zhou , Swaroop Mishra , Chitta Baral

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a method for learning decision-making tasks that could enable robots to learn and adapt to their situation on-line. For an RL algorithm to be practical for robotic control tasks, it must learn in very few…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Todd Hester , Michael Quinlan , Peter Stone

Building dialogue systems that naturally converse with humans is being an attractive and an active research domain. Multiple systems are being designed everyday and several datasets are being available. For this reason, it is being hard to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Basma El Amel Boussaha , Nicolas Hernandez , Christine Jacquin , Emmanuel Morin

A burgeoning area within reinforcement learning (RL) is the design of sequential decision-making agents centered around large language models (LLMs). While autonomous decision-making agents powered by modern LLMs could facilitate numerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Dilip Arumugam , Thomas L. Griffiths

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm in Artificial Intelligence (AI), enabling agents to learn optimal behaviors through interactions with their environments. Drawing from the foundations of trial and error, RL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Majid Ghasemi , Amir Hossein Moosavi , Dariush Ebrahimi
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