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Recent breakthroughs in Go play and strategic games have witnessed the great potential of reinforcement learning in intelligently scheduling in uncertain environment, but some bottlenecks are also encountered when we generalize this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Xingxing Liang , Qi Wang , Yanghe Feng , Zhong Liu , Jincai Huang

We consider learning to play multiplayer imperfect-information games with simultaneous moves and large state-action spaces. Previous attempts to tackle such challenging games have largely focused on model-free learning methods, often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Rinu Boney , Alexander Ilin , Juho Kannala , Jarno Seppänen

We pose an active perception problem where an autonomous agent actively interacts with a second agent with potentially adversarial behaviors. Given the uncertainty in the intent of the other agent, the objective is to collect further…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Macheng Shen , Jonathan P How

Inverse Reinforcement Learning addresses the problem of inferring an expert's reward function from demonstrations. However, in many applications, we not only have access to the expert's near-optimal behavior, but we also observe part of her…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Giorgia Ramponi , Gianluca Drappo , Marcello Restelli

We consider the task of building strong but human-like policies in multi-agent decision-making problems, given examples of human behavior. Imitation learning is effective at predicting human actions but may not match the strength of expert…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Athul Paul Jacob , David J. Wu , Gabriele Farina , Adam Lerer , Hengyuan Hu , Anton Bakhtin , Jacob Andreas , Noam Brown

Agents trained in simulation may make errors in the real world due to mismatches between training and execution environments. These mistakes can be dangerous and difficult to discover because the agent cannot predict them a priori. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Ramya Ramakrishnan , Ece Kamar , Debadeepta Dey , Julie Shah , Eric Horvitz

Developing agents that can perform challenging complex tasks is the goal of reinforcement learning. The model-free reinforcement learning has been considered as a feasible solution. However, the state of the art research has been to develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 MyungJae Shin , Joongheon Kim

In single-agent Markov decision processes, an agent can optimize its policy based on the interaction with environment. In multi-player Markov games (MGs), however, the interaction is non-stationary due to the behaviors of other players, so…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao , Mengchen Zhao , Dong Li

Reinforcement Learning has been able to solve many complicated robotics tasks without any need for feature engineering in an end-to-end fashion. However, learning the optimal policy directly from the sensory inputs, i.e the observations,…

Understanding physical phenomena is a key component of human intelligence and enables physical interaction with previously unseen environments. In this paper, we study how an artificial agent can autonomously acquire this intuition through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Wenbin Li , Jeannette Bohg , Mario Fritz

We propose the first boosting algorithm for off-policy learning from logged bandit feedback. Unlike existing boosting methods for supervised learning, our algorithm directly optimizes an estimate of the policy's expected reward. We analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Ben London , Levi Lu , Ted Sandler , Thorsten Joachims

Multi-agent planning and reinforcement learning can be challenging when agents cannot see the state of the world or communicate with each other due to communication costs, latency, or noise. Partially Observable Stochastic Games (POSGs)…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Rafael F. Cunha , Jacopo Castellini , Johan Peralez , Jilles S. Dibangoye

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) struggles in environments with rich and noisy inputs, where the agent only has access to a fixed dataset without environment interactions. Past works have proposed common workarounds based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Hongyu Zang , Xin Li , Jie Yu , Chen Liu , Riashat Islam , Remi Tachet Des Combes , Romain Laroche

We investigate the challenge of multi-agent deep reinforcement learning in partially competitive environments, where traditional methods struggle to foster reciprocity-based cooperation. LOLA and POLA agents learn reciprocity-based…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Milad Aghajohari , Tim Cooijmans , Juan Agustin Duque , Shunichi Akatsuka , Aaron Courville

Reinforcement learning agents in complex game environments often suffer from sparse rewards, training instability, and poor sample efficiency. This paper presents a hybrid training approach that combines offline imitation learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Thomas Ackermann , Moritz Spang , Hamza A. A. Gardi

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a challenging setting where existing off-policy actor-critic methods perform poorly due to the overestimation of out-of-distribution state-action pairs. Thus, various additional augmentations are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Zifeng Zhuang , Kun Lei , Jinxin Liu , Donglin Wang , Yilang Guo

Recent advancements in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) have opened up vast application prospects, such as swarm control of drones, collaborative manipulation by robotic arms, and multi-target encirclement. However, potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Oubo Ma , Yuwen Pu , Linkang Du , Yang Dai , Ruo Wang , Xiaolei Liu , Yingcai Wu , Shouling Ji

In an unfamiliar setting, a model-based reinforcement learning agent can be limited by the accuracy of its world model. In this work, we present a novel, training-free approach to improving the performance of such agents separately from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Martin Benfeghoul , Umais Zahid , Qinghai Guo , Zafeirios Fountas

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is a ubiquitous on-policy reinforcement learning algorithm but is significantly less utilized than off-policy learning algorithms in multi-agent settings. This is often due to the belief that PPO is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Chao Yu , Akash Velu , Eugene Vinitsky , Jiaxuan Gao , Yu Wang , Alexandre Bayen , Yi Wu

Stochastic games provide a framework for interactions among multiple agents and enable a myriad of applications. In these games, agents decide on actions simultaneously, the state of every agent moves to the next state, and each agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Mridul Agarwal , Vaneet Aggarwal , Arnob Ghosh , Nilay Tiwari