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Visual imitation learning provides an effective framework to learn skills from demonstrations. However, the quality of the provided demonstrations usually significantly affects the ability of an agent to acquire desired skills. Therefore,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Ray Chen Zheng , Kaizhe Hu , Zhecheng Yuan , Boyuan Chen , Huazhe Xu

Learning to imitate expert behavior from demonstrations can be challenging, especially in environments with high-dimensional, continuous observations and unknown dynamics. Supervised learning methods based on behavioral cloning (BC) suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Siddharth Reddy , Anca D. Dragan , Sergey Levine

Imitation learning (IL) enables agents to acquire skills by observing and replicating the behavior of one or multiple experts. In recent years, advances in deep learning have significantly expanded the capabilities and scalability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Iason Chrysomallis , Georgios Chalkiadakis

Imitation learning is a proven method for creating a policy in the absence of rewards, by leveraging expert demonstrations. In this work, we apply imitation learning to conversation. In doing so, we recover a policy capable of talking to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Noah Kasmanoff , Rahul Zalkikar

Despite massive empirical evaluations, one of the fundamental questions in imitation learning is still not fully settled: does AIL (adversarial imitation learning) provably generalize better than BC (behavioral cloning)? We study this open…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Tian Xu , Ziniu Li , Yang Yu , Zhi-Quan Luo

Behavior cloning provides strong imitation learning guarantees when training and test environments share the same dynamics. However, in many deployment settings the test environment's transitions differ from training, and classical offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Surbhi Goel , Jonathan Pei , James Wang

Learning to perform tasks by leveraging a dataset of expert observations, also known as imitation learning from observations (ILO), is an important paradigm for learning skills without access to the expert reward function or the expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tanmay Gangwani , Yuan Zhou , Jian Peng

Semi-supervised imitation learning (SSIL) consists in learning a policy from a small dataset of action-labeled trajectories and a much larger dataset of action-free trajectories. Some SSIL methods learn an inverse dynamics model (IDM) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Sacha Morin , Moonsub Byeon , Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau , Sébastien Lachapelle

Interactive Imitation Learning (IIL) typically relies on extensive human involvement for both offline demonstration and online interaction. Prior work primarily focuses on reducing human effort in passive monitoring rather than active…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Chengjie Zhang , Chao Tang , Wenlong Dong , Dehao Huang , Aoxiang Gu , Hong Zhang

Self-imitation learning is a Reinforcement Learning (RL) method that encourages actions whose returns were higher than expected, which helps in hard exploration and sparse reward problems. It was shown to improve the performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Johan Ferret , Olivier Pietquin , Matthieu Geist

Learning to solve complex goal-oriented tasks with sparse terminal-only rewards often requires an enormous number of samples. In such cases, using a set of expert trajectories could help to learn faster. However, Imitation Learning (IL) via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Sujoy Paul , Jeroen van Baar , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Imitation learning (IL) is a popular paradigm for training policies in robotic systems when specifying the reward function is difficult. However, despite the success of IL algorithms, they impose the somewhat unrealistic requirement that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Luca Viano , Yu-Ting Huang , Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Craig Innes , Subramanian Ramamoorthy , Adrian Weller

Post-training of flow matching models-aligning the output distribution with a high-quality target-is mathematically equivalent to imitation learning. While Supervised Fine-Tuning mimics expert demonstrations effectively, it cannot correct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yeyao Ma , Chen Li , Xiaosong Zhang , Han Hu , Weidi Xie

Learning complex policies with Reinforcement Learning (RL) is often hindered by instability and slow convergence, a problem exacerbated by the difficulty of reward engineering. Imitation Learning (IL) from expert demonstrations bypasses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sayambhu Sen , Shalabh Bhatnagar

Imitation learning trains a policy from expert demonstrations. Imitation learning approaches have been designed from various principles, such as behavioral cloning via supervised learning, apprenticeship learning via inverse reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Tian Xu , Ziniu Li , Yang Yu

Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning (GAIL) can learn policies without explicitly defining the reward function from demonstrations. GAIL has the potential to learn policies with high-dimensional observations as input, e.g., images. By…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Yoshihisa Tsurumine , Takamitsu Matsubara

Effective exploration continues to be a significant challenge that prevents the deployment of reinforcement learning for many physical systems. This is particularly true for systems with continuous and high-dimensional state and action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Trevor Ablett , Bryan Chan , Jonathan Kelly

We study the question of how to imitate tasks across domains with discrepancies such as embodiment, viewpoint, and dynamics mismatch. Many prior works require paired, aligned demonstrations and an additional RL step that requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Kuno Kim , Yihong Gu , Jiaming Song , Shengjia Zhao , Stefano Ermon

When cast into the Deep Reinforcement Learning framework, many robotics tasks require solving a long horizon and sparse reward problem, where learning algorithms struggle. In such context, Imitation Learning (IL) can be a powerful approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Alexandre Chenu , Nicolas Perrin-Gilbert , Olivier Sigaud

In offline imitation learning (IL), we generally assume only a handful of expert trajectories and a supplementary offline dataset from suboptimal behaviors to learn the expert policy. While it is now common to minimize the divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Hee-Jun Ahn , Seong-Woong Shim , Byung-Jun Lee