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The study of real-time evolution of lattice quantum field theories using classical computers is known to scale exponentially with the number of lattice sites. Due to a fundamentally different computational strategy, quantum computers hold…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-22 Christopher Kane , Dorota M. Grabowska , Benjamin Nachman , Christian W. Bauer

Unitary operations are the building blocks of quantum programs. Our task is to design effcient or optimal implementations of these unitary operations by employing the intrinsic physical resources of a given n-qubit system. The most common…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Zeier , Markus Grassl , Thomas Beth

In this paper, we introduce a technique for contracting (i.e. numerically evaluating) ZX-diagrams whose complexity scales with their rank-width, a graph parameter that behaves nicely under ZX rewrite rules. Given a rank-decomposition of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Fedor Kuyanov , Aleks Kissinger

Quantum computing has potential to provide exponential speedups over classical computing for many important applications. However, today's quantum computers are in their early stages, and hardware quality issues hinder the scale of program…

The quantum circuit model is the de-facto way of designing quantum algorithms. Yet any level of abstraction away from the underlying hardware incurs overhead. In the era of near-term, noisy, intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-27 Laura Clinton , Johannes Bausch , Toby Cubitt

Tensor networks have been successfully applied in simulation of quantum physical systems for decades. Recently, they have also been employed in classical simulation of quantum computing, in particular, random quantum circuits. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Xin Hong , Xiangzhen Zhou , Sanjiang Li , Yuan Feng , Mingsheng Ying

Tensor network contractions are widely used in statistical physics, quantum computing, and computer science. We introduce a method to efficiently approximate tensor network contractions using low-rank approximations, where each intermediate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-01 Linjian Ma , Matthew Fishman , Miles Stoudenmire , Edgar Solomonik

Quantum variational circuits have gained significant attention due to their applications in the quantum approximate optimization algorithm and quantum machine learning research. This work introduces a novel class of classical probabilistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Gal Weitz , Lirandë Pira , Chris Ferrie , Joshua Combes

The efficient simulation of complex quantum systems remains a central challenge due to the exponential growth of Hilbert space with system size. Tensor network methods have long been established as powerful approximation schemes, and their…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Min Chen , Minzhao Liu , Changhun Oh , Liang Jiang , Yuri Alexeev , Junyu Liu

In order to demonstrate non-trivial quantum computations experimentally, such as the synthesis of arbitrary entangled states, it will be useful to understand how to decompose a desired quantum computation into the shortest possible sequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Farrokh Vatan , Colin Williams

We investigate Clifford+$T$ quantum circuits with a small number of $T$-gates. Using the sparsification lemma, we identify time complexity lower bounds in terms of $T$-gate count below which a strong simulator would improve on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-26 Cupjin Huang , Michael Newman , Mario Szegedy

We study the resources required to achieve universal quantum computing via the gate sets that provide the fundamental instructions from which quantum algorithms are built. While single-gate universal sets are known, they rely on precisely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Robin Kaarsgaard

Many quantum algorithms make use of oracles which evaluate classical functions on a superposition of inputs. In order to facilitate implementation, testing, and resource estimation of such algorithms, we present quantum circuits for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-01 Thomas Häner , Martin Roetteler , Krysta M. Svore

The classical simulation of quantum circuits is of central importance for benchmarking near-term quantum devices. The fact that gates belonging to the Clifford group can be simulated efficiently on classical computers has motivated a range…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Tomislav Begušić , Kasra Hejazi , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

Quantum circuit optimization - the process of transforming a quantum circuit into an equivalent one with reduced time and space requirements - is crucial for maximizing the utility of current and near-future quantum devices. While most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Marcin Szyniszewski , Aleks Kissinger , Noah Linden , Paul Skrzypczyk

Quantum algorithms are getting extremely popular due to their potential to significantly outperform classical algorithms. Yet, applying quantum algorithms to optimization problems meets challenges related to the efficiency of quantum…

Tensor network algorithms can efficiently simulate complex quantum many-body systems by utilizing knowledge of their structure and entanglement. These methodologies have been adapted recently for solving the Navier-Stokes equations, which…

Simulating quantum algorithms on classical computers is challenging when the system size, i.e., the number of qubits used in the quantum algorithm, is moderately large. However, some quantum algorithms and the corresponding quantum circuits…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Linjian Ma , Chao Yang

Machine learning is a promising application of quantum computing, but challenges remain as near-term devices will have a limited number of physical qubits and high error rates. Motivated by the usefulness of tensor networks for machine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-07 William Huggins , Piyush Patel , K. Birgitta Whaley , E. Miles Stoudenmire

We construct an efficient autonomous quantum-circuit design algorithm for creating efficient quantum circuits to simulate Hamiltonian many-body quantum dynamics for arbitrary input states. The resultant quantum circuits have optimal space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-11 Sadegh Raeisi , Nathan Wiebe , Barry C. Sanders