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The time series classification literature has expanded rapidly over the last decade, with many new classification approaches published each year. Prior research has mostly focused on improving the accuracy and efficiency of classifiers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Thach Le Nguyen , Severin Gsponer , Iulia Ilie , Martin O'Reilly , Georgiana Ifrim

Explainability is essential for neural networks that model long time series, yet most existing explainable AI methods only produce point-wise importance scores and fail to capture temporal structures such as trends, cycles, and regime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ziqian Wang , Yuxiao Cheng , Jinli Suo

Clustering in education, particularly in large-scale online environments like MOOCs, is essential for understanding and adapting to diverse student needs. However, the effectiveness of clustering depends on its interpretability, which…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Isadora Salles , Paola Mejia-Domenzain , Vinitra Swamy , Julian Blackwell , Tanja Käser

A recent trend in machine learning has been to enrich learned models with the ability to explain their own predictions. The emerging field of Explainable AI (XAI) has so far mainly focused on supervised learning, in particular, deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Jacob Kauffmann , Malte Esders , Lukas Ruff , Grégoire Montavon , Wojciech Samek , Klaus-Robert Müller

Clinical decisions are high-stakes and require explicit justification, making model interpretability essential for auditing deep clinical models prior to deployment. As the ecosystem of model architectures and explainability methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yongda Fan , John Wu , Andrea Fitzpatrick , Naveen Baskaran , Jimeng Sun , Adam Cross

Advanced machine learning models have recently achieved high predictive accuracy for weather and climate prediction. However, these complex models often lack inherent transparency and interpretability, acting as "black boxes" that impede…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Ruyi Yang , Jingyu Hu , Zihao Li , Jianli Mu , Tingzhao Yu , Jiangjiang Xia , Xuhong Li , Aritra Dasgupta , Haoyi Xiong

Existing works on "black-box" model interpretation use local-linear approximations to explain the predictions made for each data instance in terms of the importance assigned to the different features for arriving at the prediction. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Kartik Ahuja , William Zame , Mihaela van der Schaar

In this paper, a novel method to perform model-based clustering of time series is proposed. The procedure relies on two iterative steps: (i) K global forecasting models are fitted via pooling by considering the series pertaining to each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-02 Ángel López Oriona , Pablo Montero Manso , José Antonio Vilar Fernández

Human understandable explanation of deep learning models is essential for various critical and sensitive applications. Unlike image or tabular data where the importance of each input feature (for the classifier's decision) can be directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu

Interpretability provides a means for humans to verify aspects of machine learning (ML) models and empower human+ML teaming in situations where the task cannot be fully automated. Different contexts require explanations with different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Zixi Chen , Varshini Subhash , Marton Havasi , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

Most classification methods are based on the assumption that data conforms to a stationary distribution. The machine learning domain currently suffers from a lack of classification techniques that are able to detect the occurrence of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-01-05 Alzennyr Da Silva , Yves Lechevallier , Fabrice Rossi , Francisco De A. T. De Carvahlo

Interpretable predictions, where it is clear why a machine learning model has made a particular decision, can compromise privacy by revealing the characteristics of individual data points. This raises the central question addressed in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Frederik Harder , Matthias Bauer , Mijung Park

While clustering is ubiquitously used across science and industry, uncertainty in cluster assignments is rarely quantified with rigorous guarantees. We propose a novel conformal inference framework for clustering that returns confidence…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-13 YoonHaeng Hur , Anirban Nath , Genevera Allen

In this paper, we explore connections between interpretable machine learning and learning theory through the lens of local approximation explanations. First, we tackle the traditional problem of performance generalization and bound the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Jeffrey Li , Vaishnavh Nagarajan , Gregory Plumb , Ameet Talwalkar

We consider the problem of generating interpretable recommendations by identifying overlapping co-clusters of clients and products, based only on positive or implicit feedback. Our approach is applicable on very large datasets because it…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Reinhard Heckel , Michail Vlachos , Thomas Parnell , Celestine Dünner

In empirical work it is common to estimate parameters of models and report associated standard errors that account for "clustering" of units, where clusters are defined by factors such as geography. Clustering adjustments are typically…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Alberto Abadie , Susan Athey , Guido Imbens , Jeffrey Wooldridge

Deep learning has made significant advances in creating efficient representations of time series data by automatically identifying complex patterns. However, these approaches lack interpretability, as the time series is transformed into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Etienne Le Naour , Ghislain Agoua , Nicolas Baskiotis , Vincent Guigue

Conventional Time Series Classification (TSC) methods are often black boxes that obscure inherent interpretation of their decision-making processes. In this work, we leverage Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) to overcome this issue, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Joseph Early , Gavin KC Cheung , Kurt Cutajar , Hanting Xie , Jas Kandola , Niall Twomey

How to interpret a data mining model has received much attention recently, because people may distrust a black-box predictive model if they do not understand how the model works. Hence, it will be trustworthy if a model can provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Zengyou He , Pengju Li , Yifan Tang , Lianyu Hu , Mudi Jiang , Yan Liu

Interpretable machine learning offers insights into what factors drive a certain prediction of a black-box system. A large number of interpreting methods focus on identifying explanatory input features, which generally fall into two main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Vy Vo , Van Nguyen , Trung Le , Quan Hung Tran , Gholamreza Haffari , Seyit Camtepe , Dinh Phung
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