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The key to most surface phenomenon lies with the surface structure. Particularly it is the charge density distribution over surface that primarily controls overall interaction of the material with external environment. It is generally…
New production techniques have emerged that have made it possible to produce metal parts with more complex shapes, making the quality control process more difficult. This implies that the visual and superficial analysis has become even more…
The technique known as 4D-STEM has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the local characterization of crystalline structures in materials, such as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries or perovskite materials for photovoltaics. However,…
High-throughput analysis of multidimensional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) datasets remains a significant challenge, limiting the broader impact on strategic materials research. Conventional workflows typically involve sequential,…
Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) enables mapping of diffraction information with nanometer-scale spatial resolution, offering detailed insight into local structure, orientation, and strain. However, as…
Over past decades, high energy X-ray diffraction techniques at synchrotron beamline offer us the unique possibility to follow concomitantly some mechanisms on the grain level in metallic materials. Crystal rotation, as one important factor…
2D materials offer an ideal platform to study the strain fields induced by individual atomic defects, yet challenges associated with radiation damage have so-far limited electron microscopy methods to probe these atomic-scale strain fields.…
Crystal property prediction, governed by quantum mechanical principles, is computationally prohibitive to solve exactly for large many-body systems using traditional density functional theory. While machine learning models have emerged as…
Ring artifacts in X-ray micro-CT images are one of the primary causes of concern in their accurate visual interpretation and quantitative analysis. The geometry of X-ray micro-CT scanners is similar to the medical CT machines, except the…
Classifying a crystalline solid's phase using X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a challenging endeavor, first because this is a poorly constrained problem as there are nearly limitless candidate phases to compare against a given experimental…
Uncovering the heterogeneity of cell populations is a long-standing goal in fields ranging from antimicrobial resistance to cancer research. Emerging technology platforms such as droplet microfluidics hold the promise to decipher cellular…
Modern technology for producing extremely bright and coherent X-ray laser pulses provides the possibility to acquire a large number of diffraction patterns from individual biological nanoparticles, including proteins, viruses, and DNA.…
X-ray computed tomography (CT) is widely utilized in the medical, industrial, and other fields to nondestructively generate three-dimensional structural images of objects. However, CT images are often affected by various artifacts, with…
Generative models have demonstrated significant success in anomaly detection and segmentation over the past decade. Recently, diffusion models have emerged as a powerful alternative, outperforming previous approaches such as GANs and VAEs.…
X-ray reflectivity (XRR) is widely used for thin-film structure analysis, and XRR data analysis involves minimizing the difference between an XRR curve calculated from model parameters describing the thin-film structure. This analysis takes…
The use of Standard Reference Materials (SRM) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for quantitative analysis of chemical composition using Synchrotron based X-Ray Florescence (SR-XRF) and Scanning Transmission…
Dark-field x-ray microscopy utilizes Bragg diffraction to collect full-field x-ray images of "mesoscale" structure of ordered materials. Information regarding the structural heterogeneities and their physical implications is gleaned through…
Structure-property relationships in ordered materials have long been a core principle in materials design. However, the intentional introduction of disorder into materials provides structural flexibility and thus access to material…
X-radiography (X-ray imaging) is a widely used imaging technique in art investigation. It can provide information about the condition of a painting as well as insights into an artist's techniques and working methods, often revealing hidden…
Serial crystallography experiments routinely produce thousands of diffraction patterns from crystals in random orientations. To turn this stream of images into a usable dataset, each pattern must be indexed before integration and merging…