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While electron microscopy offers crucial atomic-resolution insights into structure-property relationships, radiation damage severely limits its use on beam-sensitive materials like proteins and 2D materials. To overcome this challenge, we…
Interpretation of x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) experiments is often done via analyzing the role of particular atoms in the formation of specific peaks in the calculated spectrum. Typically, this is achieved by calculating…
Many clinical applications depend critically on the accurate differentiation and classification of different types of materials in patient anatomy. This work introduces a unified framework for accurate nonlinear material decomposition and…
Integrated photonic sensors can provide large scale, flexible detection schemes. Photonic crystal slabs (PCS) offer a miniaturized platform for wideband, sensitive ultrasound detection by exploiting the photoelastic effect in water.…
Background: X-nuclei imaging (e.g. 31P MRI) suffers low SNR due to lower gyromagnetic ratios and tissue concentrations than 1H MRI. Enhancing SNR requires high fields, advanced coils, optimized sequences, and sophisticated reconstruction…
Inspired by the success of generative image models, recent work on learned image compression increasingly focuses on better probabilistic models of the natural image distribution, leading to excellent image quality. This, however, comes at…
Transition edge sensor microcalorimeters can measure x-ray and gamma-ray energies with very high energy resolution and high photon-collection efficiency. For this technology to reach its full potential in future x-ray observatories, each…
When nonlinear measures are estimated from sampled temporal signals with finite-length, a radius parameter must be carefully selected to avoid a poor estimation. These measures are generally derived from the correlation integral which…
One of the most important technical challenges when designing a Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) is spectrum sensing, which has the responsibility of recognizing the presence or absence of the primary users in the frequency bands. A common…
Active 3D imaging systems have broad applications across disciplines, including biological imaging, remote sensing and robotics. Applications in these domains require fast acquisition times, high timing resolution, and high detection…
In scanning electron microscopy, the achievable image quality is often limited by a maximum feasible acquisition time per dataset. Particularly with regard to three-dimensional or large field-of-view imaging, a compromise must be found…
A novel and highly efficient computational framework for reconstructing binary-type images suitable for models of various complexity seen in diverse biomedical applications is developed and validated. Efficiency in computational speed and…
Following the presentation and proof of the hypothesis that image features are particularly perceived at points where the Fourier components are maximally in phase, the concept of phase congruency (PC) is introduced. Subsequently, a…
Photon counting is a mode of processing astronomical observations of low-signal targets that have been observed using an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD). In photon counting, the EMCCD amplifies the signal, and a…
High-resolution pionic-atom x-ray spectroscopy was performed with an x-ray spectrometer based on a 240-pixel array of superconducting transition-edge-sensor (TES) microcalorimeters at the piM1 beam line of the Paul Scherrer Institute.…
The effective redshift distribution $n(z)$ of galaxies is a critical component in the study of weak gravitational lensing. Here, we introduce a new method for determining $n(z)$ for weak lensing surveys based on high-quality redshifts and…
Quantum-intensity-correlated twin beams of light can be used to measure absorption with precision beyond the classical shot-noise limit. The degree to which this can be achieved with a given estimator is defined by the quality of the…
Detecting boundary of an image based on noisy observations is a fundamental problem of image processing and image segmentation. For a $d$-dimensional image ($d = 2, 3, \ldots$), the boundary can often be described by a closed smooth $(d -…
A hybrid pixel detector based on the concept of simultaneous charge integration and photon counting will be presented. The second generation of a counting and integrating X-ray prototype CMOS chip (CIX) has been operated with different…
The extraordinary improvements of modern imaging devices offer access to data with unprecedented information content. However, widely used image processing methodologies fall far short of exploiting the full breadth of information offered…