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Underwater video monitoring is a promising strategy for assessing marine biodiversity, but the vast volume of uneventful footage makes manual inspection highly impractical. In this work, we explore the use of visual anomaly detection (VAD)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Laura Weihl , Stefan H. Bengtson , Nejc Novak , Malte Pedersen

Human movement variability arises from the process of mastering redundant (bio)mechanical degrees of freedom to successfully accomplish any given motor task where flexibility and stability of many possible joint combinations helps to adapt…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-29 Miguel Xochicale , Chirs Baber

Real-time safety assessment (RTSA) of dynamic systems is a critical task that has significant implications for various fields such as industrial and transportation applications, especially in non-stationary environments. However, the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Zeyi Liu , Songqiao Hu , Xiao He

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable general-purpose robotic policies by mapping visual observations and language instructions to low-level actions, but they often lack reliable introspection. A common practice is to compute a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yanchuan Tang , Taowen Wang , Yuefei Chen , Boxuan Zhang , Qiang Guan , Ruixiang Tang

We study object importance-based vision risk object identification (Vision-ROI), a key capability for hazard detection in intelligent driving systems. Existing approaches make deterministic decisions and ignore uncertainty, which could lead…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Kai-Yu Fu , Yi-Ting Chen

Neural cellular automata (NCA) provide a lightweight alternative to encoder-decoder segmentation networks. However, it can be difficult to decide when a prediction should be trusted. Here, we study uncertainty estimation for NCA-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Ario Sadafi , Michael Deutges , Nassir Navab , Carsten Marr

Mobile robots navigating in crowds trained using reinforcement learning are known to suffer performance degradation when faced with out-of-distribution scenarios. We propose that by properly accounting for the uncertainties of pedestrians,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jianpeng Yao , Xiaopan Zhang , Yu Xia , Zejin Wang , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Jiachen Li

This paper addresses the problem of risk-aware fixed-time stabilization of a class of uncertain, output-feedback nonlinear systems modeled via stochastic differential equations. First, novel classes of certificate functions, namely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-01 Mitchell Black , Georgios Fainekos , Bardh Hoxha , Dimitra Panagou

A fundamental challenge in robust visual-inertial odometry (VIO) is to dynamically assess the reliability of sensor measurements. This assessment is crucial for properly weighting the contribution of each measurement to the state estimate.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Seungwon Choi , Donggyu Park , Seo-Yeon Hwang , Tae-Wan Kim

Numerous studies have focused on learning and understanding the dynamics of physical systems from video data, such as spatial intelligence. Artificial intelligence requires quantitative assessments of the uncertainty of the model to ensure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Aoming Liang , Qi Liu , Lei Xu , Fahad Sohrab , Weicheng Cui , Changhui Song , Moncef Gabbouj

Autonomous vehicles performing navigation tasks in complex environments face significant challenges due to uncertainty in state estimation. In many scenarios, such as stealth operations or resource-constrained settings, accessing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Gokul Puthumanaillam , Paulo Padrao , Jose Fuentes , Leonardo Bobadilla , Melkior Ornik

Uncertainty is an essential consideration for time series forecasting tasks. In this work, we specifically focus on quantifying the uncertainty of traffic forecasting. To achieve this, we develop Deep Spatio-Temporal Uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Weizhu Qian , Dalin Zhang , Yan Zhao , Kai Zheng , James J. Q. Yu

Computer-use agents (CUAs) hold great promise for automating complex desktop workflows, yet progress toward general-purpose agents is bottlenecked by the scarcity of continuous, high-quality human demonstration videos. Recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xiangru Jian , Shravan Nayak , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Aarash Feizi , Kaixin Li , Patrice Bechard , Spandana Gella , Sai Rajeswar

Evaluating and optimising human comfort within the built environment is challenging due to the large number of physiological, psychological and environmental variables that affect occupant comfort preference. Human perception could be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Prageeth Jayathissa , Matias Quintana , Mahmoud Abdelrahman , Clayton Miller

Autonomous driving systems face the formidable challenge of navigating intricate and dynamic environments with uncertainty. This study presents a unified prediction and planning framework that concurrently models short-term aleatoric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Wenbo Shao , Jiahui Xu , Zhong Cao , Hong Wang , Jun Li

Navigating toward a known target in a noisy environment is a fundamental problem shared across biological, physical, and engineered systems. Although optimal strategies are often framed in terms of continuous, fine-grained feedback, we show…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-24 Abhijit Sinha , Sandeep Jangid , Tridib Sadhu , Shankar Ghosh

The availability of many real-world driving datasets is a key reason behind the recent progress of object detection algorithms in autonomous driving. However, there exist ambiguity or even failures in object labels due to error-prone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Di Feng , Zining Wang , Yiyang Zhou , Lars Rosenbaum , Fabian Timm , Klaus Dietmayer , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Current person image retrieval methods have achieved great improvements in accuracy metrics. However, they rarely describe the reliability of the prediction. In this paper, we propose an Uncertainty-Aware Learning (UAL) method to remedy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Zhaopeng Dou , Zhongdao Wang , Weihua Chen , Yali Li , Shengjin Wang

Uncertainty modeling is critical in trajectory forecasting systems for both interpretation and safety reasons. To better predict the future trajectories of multiple agents, recent works have introduced interaction modules to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Bohan Tang , Yiqi Zhong , Ulrich Neumann , Gang Wang , Ya Zhang , Siheng Chen

Autonomous cooperative planning (ACP) is a promising technique to improve the efficiency and safety of multi-vehicle interactions for future intelligent transportation systems. However, realizing robust ACP is a challenge due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Shiyao Zhang , He Li , Shengyu Zhang , Shuai Wang , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Chengzhong Xu