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Knowledge distillation improves large language model (LLM) reasoning by compressing the knowledge of a teacher LLM to train smaller LLMs. On-policy distillation advances this approach by having the student sample its own trajectories while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Siyan Zhao , Zhihui Xie , Mengchen Liu , Jing Huang , Guan Pang , Feiyu Chen , Aditya Grover

Learning from demonstrations in embodied control is often cast as behavioral cloning, and recent diffusion or flow-matching policies improve this paradigm by modeling multi-modal expert actions. Yet these methods remain offline supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhenglin Wan , Jingxuan Wu , Xingrui Yu , Chubin Zhang , Mingcong Lei , Bo An , Ivor W. Tsang , Yang You

Thompson sampling (TS) has emerged as a robust technique for contextual bandit problems. However, TS requires posterior inference and optimization for action generation, prohibiting its use in many online platforms where latency and ease of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Hongseok Namkoong , Samuel Daulton , Eytan Bakshy

Continual learning, involving sequential training on diverse tasks, often faces catastrophic forgetting. While knowledge distillation-based approaches exhibit notable success in preventing forgetting, we pinpoint a limitation in their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Zenglin Shi , Pei Liu , Tong Su , Yunpeng Wu , Kuien Liu , Yu Song , Meng Wang

Behavior cloning has shown promise for robot manipulation, but real-world demonstrations are costly to acquire at scale. While simulated data offers a scalable alternative, particularly with advances in automated demonstration generation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Shuo Cheng , Liqian Ma , Zhenyang Chen , Ajay Mandlekar , Caelan Garrett , Danfei Xu

In the past decade, there has been substantial progress at training increasingly deep neural networks. Recent advances within the teacher--student training paradigm have established that information about past training updates show promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Liang Jiang , Zujie Wen , Zhongping Liang , Yafang Wang , Gerard de Melo , Zhe Li , Liangzhuang Ma , Jiaxing Zhang , Xiaolong Li , Yuan Qi

In this paper, sample-aware policy entropy regularization is proposed to enhance the conventional policy entropy regularization for better exploration. Exploiting the sample distribution obtainable from the replay buffer, the proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Seungyul Han , Youngchul Sung

The use of multi-camera views simultaneously has been shown to improve the generalization capabilities and performance of visual policies. However, the hardware cost and design constraints in real-world scenarios can potentially make it…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Cihan Acar , Kuluhan Binici , Alp Tekirdağ , Yan Wu

Policy gradient methods are an appealing approach in reinforcement learning because they directly optimize the cumulative reward and can straightforwardly be used with nonlinear function approximators such as neural networks. The two main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-23 John Schulman , Philipp Moritz , Sergey Levine , Michael Jordan , Pieter Abbeel

We develop a new class of model-free deep reinforcement learning algorithms for data-driven, learning-based control. Our Generalized Policy Improvement algorithms combine the policy improvement guarantees of on-policy methods with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 James Queeney , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis , Christos G. Cassandras

In self-supervised learning, self-distilled methods have shown impressive performance, learning representations useful for downstream tasks and even displaying emergent properties. However, state-of-the-art methods usually rely on ensembles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Esteban Rodríguez-Betancourt , Edgar Casasola-Murillo

Bayesian policy reuse (BPR) is a general policy transfer framework for selecting a source policy from an offline library by inferring the task belief based on some observation signals and a trained observation model. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Jinmei Liu , Zhi Wang , Chunlin Chen , Daoyi Dong

The high sample complexity of reinforcement learning challenges its use in practice. A promising approach is to quickly adapt pre-trained policies to new environments. Existing methods for this policy adaptation problem typically rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Yuda Song , Aditi Mavalankar , Wen Sun , Sicun Gao

Deep Reinforcement Learning has shown its ability in solving complicated problems directly from high-dimensional observations. However, in end-to-end settings, Reinforcement Learning algorithms are not sample-efficient and requires long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Nicolò Botteghi , Mannes Poel , Beril Sirmacek , Christoph Brune

Large language models are increasingly post-trained with reinforcement learning in verifiable domains such as code and math. Yet, current methods for reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) learn only from a scalar outcome…

Knowledge distillation is an effective technique that transfers knowledge from a large teacher model to a shallow student. However, just like massive classification, large scale knowledge distillation also imposes heavy computational costs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Minghan Li , Tanli Zuo , Ruicheng Li , Martha White , Weishi Zheng

Sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a flexible control framework that can reason about non-smooth dynamics and cost functions. Recently, significant work has focused on the use of machine learning to improve the performance of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Jacob Sacks , Byron Boots

On-policy distillation (OPD) has become a popular training paradigm in the LLM community. This paradigm selects a larger model as the teacher to provide dense, fine-grained signals for each sampled trajectory, in contrast to reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Chenxu Yang , Chuanyu Qin , Qingyi Si , Minghui Chen , Naibin Gu , Dingyu Yao , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Nan Duan

In many situations, we need to build and deploy separate models in related environments with different data qualities. For example, an environment with strong observation equipments (e.g., intensive care units) often provides high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Shenda Hong , Cao Xiao , Trong Nghia Hoang , Tengfei Ma , Hongyan Li , Jimeng Sun

We propose a method for tackling catastrophic forgetting in deep reinforcement learning that is \textit{agnostic} to the timescale of changes in the distribution of experiences, does not require knowledge of task boundaries, and can adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Christos Kaplanis , Murray Shanahan , Claudia Clopath