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This article introduces quaternion non-negative matrix factorization (QNMF), which generalizes the usual non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to the case of polarized signals. Polarization information is represented by Stokes parameters,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-24 Julien Flamant , Sebastian Miron , David Brie

We propose a new variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), combining separability and sparsity assumptions. Separability requires that the columns of the first NMF factor are equal to columns of the input matrix, while sparsity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Nicolas Nadisic , Arnaud Vandaele , Jeremy E. Cohen , Nicolas Gillis

In this report, we discuss a simple model for RGB color and polarization images under a unified framework of quaternion nonnegative matrix factorization (QNMF) and present a hierarchical nonnegative least squares method to solve the factor…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Junjun Pan

In this work, we point out that the Q/U Stokes parameters and E/B mode polarizations are the four components of a unique quaternion, which describes at the same time the directions and the parity states of spherical linear polarizations. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-12 Hao Liu , James Creswell , Chao-Wei Tsai , Pavel Naselsky

To address the non-negativity dropout problem of quaternion models, a novel quasi non-negative quaternion matrix factorization (QNQMF) model is presented for color image processing. To implement QNQMF, the quaternion projected gradient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Yifen Ke , Changfeng Ma , Zhigang Jia , Yajun Xie , Riwei Liao

In this paper, we propose a new fast and robust recursive algorithm for near-separable nonnegative matrix factorization, a particular nonnegative blind source separation problem. This algorithm, which we refer to as the successive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-07-01 Nicolas Gillis

Semi-supervised symmetric non-negative matrix factorization (SNMF) utilizes the available supervisory information (usually in the form of pairwise constraints) to improve the clustering ability of SNMF. The previous methods introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yuheng Jia , Jia-Nan Li , Wenhui Wu , Ran Wang

Input features are conventionally represented as vectors, matrices, or third order tensors in the real field, for color image classification. Inspired by the success of quaternion data modeling for color images in image recovery and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Wang Chen , Ziyan Luo , Shuangyue Wang

Quaternion matrices are employed successfully in many color image processing applications. In particular, a pure quaternion matrix can be used to represent red, green and blue channels of color images. A low-rank approximation for a pure…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Guangjing Song , Weiyang Ding , Michael K. Ng

This paper presents a randomized quaternion singular value decomposition (QSVD) algorithm for low-rank matrix approximation problems, which are widely used in color face recognition, video compression, and signal processing problems. With…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Qiaohua Liu , Sitao Ling , Zhigang Jia

The polarization decomposition of arbitrary binary-input memoryless channels (BMCs) is studied in this work. By introducing the polarization factor (PF), defined in terms of the conditional entropy of the channel output under various input…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Tianfu Qi , Jun Wang

In this paper, we provide novel algorithms with identifiability guarantees for simplex-structured matrix factorization (SSMF), a generalization of nonnegative matrix factorization. Current state-of-the-art algorithms that provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Maryam Abdolali , Nicolas Gillis

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) under the separability assumption can provably be solved efficiently, even in the presence of noise, and has been shown to be a powerful technique in document classification and hyperspectral unmixing.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-02 Nicolas Gillis , Stephen A. Vavasis

Estimating audio and musical signals from single channel mixtures often, if not always, involves a transformation of the mixture signal to the time-frequency (T-F) domain in which a masking operation takes place. Masking is realized as an…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-06-16 Stylianos Ioannis Mimilakis , Gerald Schuller

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a linear dimensionality technique for nonnegative data with applications such as image analysis, text mining, audio source separation and hyperspectral unmixing. Given a data matrix $M$ and a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Junjun Pan , Nicolas Gillis

Lossy image compression is essential for efficient transmission and storage. Traditional compression methods mainly rely on discrete cosine transform (DCT) or singular value decomposition (SVD), both of which represent image data in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-28 Pooya Ashtari , Pourya Behmandpoor , Fateme Nateghi Haredasht , Jonathan H. Chen , Panagiotis Patrinos , Sabine Van Huffel

This paper addresses the color image completion problem in accordance with low-rank quatenrion matrix optimization that is characterized by sparse regularization in a transformed domain. This research was inspired by an appreciation of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Liqiao Yang , Yang Liu , Kit Ian Kou

In this paper, we study the nonnegative matrix factorization problem under the separability assumption (that is, there exists a cone spanned by a small subset of the columns of the input nonnegative data matrix containing all columns),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-04-07 Nicolas Gillis , Stephen A. Vavasis

This paper describes the passage of light through a system of waveplates mathematically in terms of quaternions, an extension of the complex numbers, instead of the more usual Jones vectors and Jones matrices. Both the light beam and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Michael G. Taylor

Matrix factorization is a popular framework for modeling low-rank data matrices. Motivated by manifold learning problems, this paper proposes a quadratic matrix factorization (QMF) framework to learn the curved manifold on which the dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Zheng Zhai , Hengchao Chen , Qiang Sun
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