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We study the statistical inference of nonlinear stochastic approximation algorithms utilizing a single trajectory of Markovian data. Our methodology has practical applications in various scenarios, such as Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Xiang Li , Jiadong Liang , Zhihua Zhang

Through certain appropriate constructions, we establish periodic solutions in distribution for some stochastic differential equations with infinite-dimensional Levy noise. Additionally, we obtain the corresponding periodic measures and…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Xinying Deng , Yong Li , Xue Yang

In literature, the central limit theorems for the product of sums of various random variables have studied. The purpose of this note is to show that this kind of results are corollary of the invariance principle.

Probability · Mathematics 2008-12-19 Li-Xin Zhang , Wei Huang

We study limit theorems for partial sums of instantaneous functions of a homogeneous Markov chain on a general state space. The summands are heavy-tailed and the limits are stable distributions. The conditions imposed on the transition…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Mohamed El Machkouri , Adam Jakubowski , Dalibor Volný

We establish the central limit theorem for linear processes with dependent innovations including martingales and mixingale type of assumptions as defined in McLeish [Ann. Probab. 5 (1977) 616--621] and motivated by Gordin [Soviet Math.…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Magda Peligrad , Sergey Utev

We extend Hoeffding's lemma to general-state-space and not necessarily reversible Markov chains. Let $\{X_i\}_{i \ge 1}$ be a stationary Markov chain with invariant measure $\pi$ and absolute spectral gap $1-\lambda$, where $\lambda$ is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-19 Jianqing Fan , Bai Jiang , Qiang Sun

We establish a multivariate empirical process central limit theorem for stationary $\R^d$-valued stochastic processes $(X_i)_{i\geq 1}$ under very weak conditions concerning the dependence structure of the process. As an application we can…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-01-28 Herold Dehling , Olivier Durieu

When the underlying random variables are Gaussian, the classical Central Limit Theorem (CLT) is trivial, but the functional CLT is not. The objective of the paper is to investigate the functional CLT for stationary Gaussian processes in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-20 S. V. Lototsky

We derive theorems which outline explicit mechanisms by which anomalous scaling for the probability density function of the sum of many correlated random variables asymptotically prevails. The results characterize general anomalous scaling…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 Attilio L. Stella , Fulvio Baldovin

We derive a central limit theorem for the probability distribution of the sum of many critically correlated random variables. The theorem characterizes a variety of different processes sharing the same asymptotic form of anomalous scaling…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Fulvio Baldovin , Attilio L. Stella

The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) is one of the most fundamental results in statistics. It states that the standardized sample mean of a sequence of $n$ mutually independent and identically distributed random variables with finite first and…

We study dynamical systems arising as time-dependent compositions of Pomeau-Manneville-type intermittent maps. We establish central limit theorems for appropriately scaled and centered Birkhoff-like partial sums, with estimates on the rate…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-01-14 Olli Hella , Juho Leppänen

We study the asymptotic shape of the trajectory of the stochastic gradient descent algorithm applied to a convex objective function. Under mild regularity assumptions, we prove a functional central limit theorem for the properly rescaled…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-18 Kessang Flamand , Victor-Emmanuel Brunel

Empirical processes for stationary, causal sequences are considered. We establish empirical central limit theorems for classes of indicators of left half lines, absolutely continuous functions and piecewise differentiable functions. Sample…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Wei Biao Wu

We analyze the fluctuations of incomplete $U$-statistics over a triangular array of independent random variables. We give criteria for a Central Limit Theorem (CLT, for short) to hold in the sense that we prove that an appropriately scaled…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Matthias Löwe , Sara Terveer

\noindent The paper establishes weak convergence in $C[0,1]$ of normalized stochastic processes, generated by Toeplitz type quadratic functionals of a continuous time Gaussian stationary process, exhibiting long-range dependence. Both…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-30 Shuyang Bai , Mamikon S. Ginovyan , Murad S. Taqqu

In this paper, we study the averaging principle and central limit theorem for multi-scale stochastic differential equations with state-dependent switching. To accomplish this, we first study the Poisson equation associated with a Markov…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Xiaobin Sun , Yingchao Xie

It is proved that the limit of the normalized rate-distortion functions of block independent approximations of an irreducible, aperiodic Markoff chain is independent of the initial distribution of the Markoff chain and thus, is also equal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Mukul Agarwal

There has been recent interest in the conditional central limit question for (strictly) stationary, ergodic processes $...,X_{-1},X_0,X_1,...$ whose partial sums $S_n=X_1+...+X_n$ are of the form $S_n=M_n+R_n$, where $M_n$ is a square…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-01-03 Ou Zhao , Michael Woodroofe

We prove a central limit theorem for a sequence of random variables whose means are ambiguous and vary in an unstructured way. Their joint distribution is described by a set of measures. The limit is (not the normal distribution and is)…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-01 Zengjing Chen , Larry G. Epstein