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We study fairness within the stochastic, \emph{multi-armed bandit} (MAB) decision making framework. We adapt the fairness framework of "treating similar individuals similarly" to this setting. Here, an `individual' corresponds to an arm and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-07 Yang Liu , Goran Radanovic , Christos Dimitrakakis , Debmalya Mandal , David C. Parkes

Online restless multi-armed bandits (RMABs) typically assume that each arm follows a stationary Markov Decision Process (MDP) with fixed state transitions and rewards. However, in real-world applications like healthcare and recommendation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yu-Heng Hung , Ping-Chun Hsieh , Kai Wang

In the classic Bayesian restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problem, there are $N$ arms, with rewards on all arms evolving at each time as Markov chains with known parameters. A player seeks to activate $K \geq 1$ arms at each time in order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-12-25 Wenhan Dai , Yi Gai , Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Qing Zhao

Motivated by applications in energy management, this paper presents the Multi-Armed Risk-Aware Bandit (MARAB) algorithm. With the goal of limiting the exploration of risky arms, MARAB takes as arm quality its conditional value at risk. When…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Nicolas Galichet , Michèle Sebag , Olivier Teytaud

This paper studies restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problems with unknown arm transition dynamics but with known correlated arm features. The goal is to learn a model to predict transition dynamics given features, where the Whittle index…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Kai Wang , Shresth Verma , Aditya Mate , Sanket Shah , Aparna Taneja , Neha Madhiwalla , Aparna Hegde , Milind Tambe

In the classic Bayesian restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problem, there are $N$ arms, with rewards on all arms evolving at each time as Markov chains with known parameters. A player seeks to activate $K \geq 1$ arms at each time in order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-11-23 Wenhan Dai , Yi Gai , Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Qing Zhao

This paper addresses an important class of restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problems that finds broad application in operations research, stochastic optimization, and reinforcement learning. There are $N$ independent Markov processes that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Keqin Liu

This paper investigates the Restless Multi-Armed Bandit (RMAB) framework under individual penalty constraints to address resource allocation challenges in dynamic wireless networked environments. Unlike conventional RMAB models, our model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Nida Zamir , I-Hong Hou

The Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB) framework highlights the tension between acquiring new knowledge (Exploration) and leveraging available knowledge (Exploitation). In the classical MAB problem, a decision maker must choose an arm at each time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-03 Nir Levine , Koby Crammer , Shie Mannor

Motivated by a broad class of mobile intervention problems, we propose and study restless multi-armed bandits (RMABs) with network effects. In our model, arms are partially recharging and connected through a graph, so that pulling one arm…

Energy demands from data centers have surged and stressed the grid in recent years. Electric grids require balancing supply and demand every second, motivating demand response (reduction) from large loads, including data centers. This can…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yifu Ding , Zixi Chen , Thomas Magnanti

We consider a restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) in which there are two types of arms, say A and B. Each arm can be in one of two states, say $0$ or $1.$ Playing a type A arm brings it to state $0$ with probability one and not playing it…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Rahul Meshram , Aditya Gopalan , D. Manjunath

High-content screening microscopy generates large amounts of live-cell imaging data, yet its potential remains constrained by the inability to determine when and where to image most effectively. Optimally balancing acquisition time,…

Applications · Statistics 2025-12-18 Jaume Anguera Peris , Songtao Cheng , Hanzhao Zhang , Wei Ouyang , Joakim Jaldén

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMAB) play a central role in modeling sequential decision making problems under an instantaneous activation constraint that at most B arms can be activated at any decision epoch. Each restless arm is endowed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Guojun Xiong , Jian Li

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMAB) extend multi-armed bandits so pulling an arm impacts future states. Despite the success of RMABs, a key limiting assumption is the separability of rewards into a sum across arms. We address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Naveen Raman , Zheyuan Ryan Shi , Fei Fang

We introduce robustness in \textit{restless multi-armed bandits} (RMABs), a popular model for constrained resource allocation among independent stochastic processes (arms). Nearly all RMAB techniques assume stochastic dynamics are precisely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Jackson A. Killian , Lily Xu , Arpita Biswas , Milind Tambe

The success of many healthcare programs depends on participants' adherence. We consider the problem of scheduling interventions in low resource settings (e.g., placing timely support calls from health workers) to increase adherence and/or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Panayiotis Danassis , Shresth Verma , Jackson A. Killian , Aparna Taneja , Milind Tambe

We study the Improving Multi-Armed Bandit (IMAB) problem, where the reward obtained from an arm increases with the number of pulls it receives. This model provides an elegant abstraction for many real-world problems in domains such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Vishakha Patil , Vineet Nair , Ganesh Ghalme , Arindam Khan

Restless Multi-Armed Bandits (RMABs) offer a powerful framework for solving resource constrained maximization problems. However, the formulation can be inappropriate for settings where the limiting constraint is a reward threshold rather…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-06 R. Teal Witter , Lisa Hellerstein

How should a robot that collaborates with multiple people decide upon the distribution of resources (e.g. social attention, or parts needed for an assembly)? People are uniquely attuned to how resources are distributed. A decision to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Houston Claure , Yifang Chen , Jignesh Modi , Malte Jung , Stefanos Nikolaidis