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Advances in deep learning have made face recognition technologies pervasive. While useful to social media platforms and users, this technology carries significant privacy threats. Coupled with the abundant information they have about users,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Varun Chandrasekaran , Chuhan Gao , Brian Tang , Kassem Fawaz , Somesh Jha , Suman Banerjee

Given the importance of privacy, many Internet protocols are nowadays designed with privacy in mind (e.g., using TLS for confidentiality). Foreseeing all privacy issues at the time of protocol design is, however, challenging and may become…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Olivier van der Toorn , Raffaele Sommese , Anna Sperotto , Roland van Rijswijk-Deij , Mattijs Jonker

The remarkable success of machine learning has fostered a growing number of cloud-based intelligent services for mobile users. Such a service requires a user to send data, e.g. image, voice and video, to the provider, which presents a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Sicong Liu , Junzhao Du , Anshumali Shrivastava , Lin Zhong

The widespread deployment of LLM-based agents is likely to introduce a critical privacy threat: malicious agents that proactively engage others in multi-turn interactions to extract sensitive information. However, the evolving nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yanzhe Zhang , Diyi Yang

Over the past half-century, technology has evolved beyond our wildest dreams. However, while the benefits of technological growth are undeniable, the nascent Internet did not anticipate the online threats we routinely encounter and the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Meredydd Williams , Louise Axon , Jason R. C. Nurse , Sadie Creese

Large-scale pre-trained models are increasingly adapted to downstream tasks through a new paradigm called prompt learning. In contrast to fine-tuning, prompt learning does not update the pre-trained model's parameters. Instead, it only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Yixin Wu , Rui Wen , Michael Backes , Pascal Berrang , Mathias Humbert , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Proactive tile-based virtual reality (VR) video streaming employs the viewpoint of a user to predict the tiles to be requested, renders and delivers the predicted tiles before playback. Recently, it has been found that the identity and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Xing Wei , Chenyang Yang , Chengjian Sun

Virtual Reality (VR) moves away from well-controlled laboratory environments into public and personal spaces. As users are visually disconnected from the physical environment, interacting in an uncontrolled space frequently leads to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Wen-Jie Tseng

The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has impacted the development of mobile health (mHealth) apps, most notably with the advent of AI-based chatbots used as ubiquitous ``companions'' for various services, from fitness to mental health…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Samuel Wairimu , Leonardo Horn Iwaya

Open data sets that contain personal information are susceptible to adversarial attacks even when anonymized. By performing low-cost joins on multiple datasets with shared attributes, malicious users of open data portals might get access to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Kaustav Bhattacharjee , Akm Islam , Jaideep Vaidya , Aritra Dasgupta

Recommendation is one of the critical applications that helps users find information relevant to their interests. However, a malicious attacker can infer users' private information via recommendations. Prior work obfuscates user-item data…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Ghazaleh Beigi , Ahmadreza Mosallanezhad , Ruocheng Guo , Hamidreza Alvari , Alexander Nou , Huan Liu

In this article, we study the privacy and security aspects of the metaverse in the context of digital healthcare. Our studies include the security aspects of data collection and communications for access to the metaverse, the privacy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Mehdi Letafati , Safa Otoum

Privacy concerns have led to the development of privacy-preserving approaches for learning models from sensitive data. Yet, in practice, even models learned with privacy guarantees can inadvertently memorize unique training examples or leak…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-11 Mario Diaz , Peter Kairouz , Jiachun Liao , Lalitha Sankar

As large language models (LLMs) become ubiquitous in our daily tasks and digital interactions, associated privacy risks are increasingly in focus. While LLM privacy research has primarily focused on the leakage of model training data, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Batuhan Tömekçe , Mark Vero , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

As autonomous driving and augmented reality evolve, a practical concern is data privacy. In particular, these applications rely on localization based on user images. The widely adopted technology uses local feature descriptors, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Deeksha Dangwal , Vincent T. Lee , Hyo Jin Kim , Tianwei Shen , Meghan Cowan , Rajvi Shah , Caroline Trippel , Brandon Reagen , Timothy Sherwood , Vasileios Balntas , Armin Alaghi , Eddy Ilg

Personalized AI applications such as DreamBooth enable the generation of customized content from user images, but also raise significant privacy concerns, particularly the risk of facial identity leakage. Recent defense mechanisms like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zhen Chen , Yi Zhang , Xiangyu Yin , Chengxuan Qin , Xingyu Zhao , Xiaowei Huang , Wenjie Ruan

Various industries have widely adopted Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies to enhance productivity and user experiences. However, their integration introduces significant security challenges. This systematic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Sarina Dastgerdy

Immersive virtual reality (VR) enables controlled tests of how emotional context distorts subjective time, yet findings remain mixed. Fifty-seven adults explored three five-minute VR environments (tranquil garden, neutral room, threatening…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Kyriaki Syrigou , Marina Stoforou , Panagiotis Kourtesis

Social media has drastically reshaped the world that allows billions of people to engage in such interactive environments to conveniently create and share content with the public. Among them, text data (e.g., tweets, blogs) maintains the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Xiaoting Li , Lingwei Chen , Dinghao Wu

The proliferation of AI has sparked privacy concerns related to training data, model interfaces, downstream applications, and more. We interviewed 25 AI developers based in Europe to understand which privacy threats they believe pose the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Alexandra Klymenko , Stephen Meisenbacher , Patrick Gage Kelley , Sai Teja Peddinti , Kurt Thomas , Florian Matthes