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We present a new suite of over 1,500 cosmological N-body simulations with varied Warm Dark Matter (WDM) models ranging from 2.5 to 30 keV. We use these simulations to train Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to infer WDM particle masses…

Compressed sensing for magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) exploits image sparsity properties to reconstruct MRI from very few Fourier k-space measurements. The goal is to minimize any structural errors in the reconstruction that could have…

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) estimates tissue properties of interest from measured MRI signals. This process is conventionally achieved by model fitting, whose computational expense limits qMRI's clinical use, motivating recent development of…

We study the problem of learning physical object representations for robot manipulation. Understanding object physics is critical for successful object manipulation, but also challenging because physical object properties can rarely be…

Background: Accurate lesion segmentation is critical for multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis, yet current deep learning approaches face robustness challenges. Aim: This study improves MS lesion segmentation by combining data fusion and deep…

Recent advances in deep learning-based medical image registration have shown that training deep neural networks~(DNNs) does not necessarily require medical images. Previous work showed that DNNs trained on randomly generated images with…

In this work, we evaluate how neural networks with periodic activation functions can be leveraged to reliably compress large multidimensional medical image datasets, with proof-of-concept application to 4D diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI). In…

Prostate radiotherapy is a well established curative oncology modality, which in future will use Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based radiotherapy for daily adaptive radiotherapy target definition. However the time needed to delineate the…

This paper investigates both biomechanical-constrained non-rigid medical image registrations and accurate identifications of material properties for soft tissues, using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). The complex nonlinear…

Purpose: AI in radiology is hindered chiefly by: 1) Requiring large annotated data sets. 2) Non-generalizability that limits deployment to new scanners / institutions. And 3) Inadequate explainability and interpretability. We believe that…

With the advancement of treatment modalities in radiation therapy for cancer patients, outcomes have improved, but at the cost of increased treatment plan complexity and planning time. The accurate prediction of dose distributions would…

Protoacoustic imaging showed great promise in providing real-time 3D dose verification of proton therapy. However, the limited acquisition angle in protoacoustic imaging induces severe artifacts, which significantly impairs its accuracy for…

Multi-sequence Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers remarkable versatility, enabling the distinct visualization of different tissue types. Nevertheless, the inherent heterogeneity among MRI sequences poses significant challenges to the…

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a vital imaging modality widely used in clinical diagnosis and preclinical research but faces limitations in image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio due to inherent physical degradation factors.…

While Deep Reinforcement Learning has been widely researched in medical imaging, the training and deployment of these models usually require powerful GPUs. Since imaging environments evolve rapidly and can be generated by edge devices, the…

Modeling dynamics in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) is an effectual way to understand real-world physics processes. For complex physics systems, analytical solutions are not available and numerical solutions are…

The integration of multisource remote sensing data and deep learning models offers new possibilities for accurately mapping high spatial resolution forest height. We found that GEDI relative heights (RH) metrics exhibited strong correlation…

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a vital diagnostic tool, but its inherently long acquisition times reduce clinical efficiency and patient comfort. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly diffusion models, have improved…

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) allows for non-invasive imaging of the local fiber architecture of the human brain at a millimetric scale. Multiple classical approaches have been proposed to detect both single (e.g.,…

We propose a 3D neural network with specific loss functions for quantitative computed tomography (QCT) noise reduction to compute micro-structural parameters such as tissue mineral density (TMD) and bone volume ratio (BV/TV) with…