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Coin tossing is a cryptographic task in which two parties who do not trust each other aim to generate a common random bit. Using classical communication this is impossible, but non trivial coin tossing is possible using quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Louis-Philippe Lamoureux , Edouard Brainis , David Amans , Jonathan Barrett , Serge Massar

With the advent of delegated quantum computing as a service, verifying quantum computations is becoming a question of great importance. Existing information theoretically Secure Delegated Quantum Computing (SDQC) protocols require the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-18 Elham Kashefi , Dominik Leichtle , Luka Music , Harold Ollivier

We propose a coin-flip protocol which yields a string of strong, random coins and is fully simulatable against poly-sized quantum adversaries on both sides. It can be implemented with quantum-computational security without any set-up…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-18 Carolin Lunemann , Jesper Buus Nielsen

An authenticated encryption scheme allows messages to be encrypted and authenticated simultaneously. In 2003, Ma and Chen proposed such a scheme with public verifiability. That is, in their scheme the receiver can efficiently prove to a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Guilin Wang , Feng Bao , Changshe Ma , Kefei Chen

Quantum key distribution is one of the most fundamental cryptographic protocols. Quantum walks are important primitives for computing. In this paper we take advantage of the properties of quantum walks to design new secure quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-04 Chrysoula Vlachou , Walter Krawec , Paulo Mateus , Nikola Paunkovic , Andre Souto

This study proposes a quantum secret authentication code for protecting the integrity of secret quantum states. Since BB84[1] was first proposed, the eavesdropper detection strategy in almost all quantum cryptographic protocols is based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-18 Tong-Xuan Wei , Tzonelih Hwang , Chia-Wei Tsai

Quantum cryptography is an emerging technology in which two parties may simultaneously generate shared, secret cryptographic key material using the transmission of quantum states of light. The security of these transmissions is based on the…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the first quantum information task to reach the level of mature technology, already fit for commercialization. It aims at the creation of a secret key between authorized partners connected by a quantum…

The ability to perform computations on encrypted data is a powerful tool for protecting privacy. Recently, protocols to achieve this on classical computing systems have been found. Here we present an efficient solution to the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-05 K. Fisher , A. Broadbent , L. K. Shalm , Z. Yan , J. Lavoie , R. Prevedel , T. Jennewein , K. J. Resch

The Quantum Private Query is a quantum cryptographic protocol to recover information from a database, preserving both user and data privacy: the user can test whether someone has retained information on which query was asked, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-16 F. De Martini , V. Giovannetti , S. Lloyd , L. Maccone , E. Nagali , L. Sansoni , F. Sciarrino

Cryptographic group actions are a leading contender for post-quantum cryptography, and have also been used in the development of quantum cryptographic protocols. In this work, we explore quantum state group actions, which consist of a group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-14 Saachi Mutreja , Mark Zhandry

Cryptography underpins the security of modern digital infrastructure, from cloud services to health data. However, many widely deployed systems will become vulnerable after the advent of scalable quantum computing. Although quantum-safe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Homer A. Riva-Cambrin , Rahul Singh , Sanju Lama , Garnette R. Sutherland

Recently, Sato et al. proposed an public verifiable blind quantum computation (BQC) protocol by inserting a third-party arbiter. However, it is not true public verifiable in a sense, because the arbiter is determined in advance and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-05 Wen-Jie Liu , Zi-Xian Li , Wen-Bo Li , Qi Yang

The advantage of quantum protocols lies in the inherent properties of the shared quantum states. These states are sometimes provided by sources that are not trusted, and therefore need to be verified. Finding secure and efficient quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Fabian Wiesner , Ziad Chaoui , Diana Kessler , Anna Pappa , Martti Karvonen

Digital signatures guarantee the authenticity and transferability of messages, and are widely used in modern communication. The security of currently used classical digital signature schemes, however, relies on computational assumptions. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-09 Petros Wallden , Vedran Dunjko , Adrian Kent , Erika Andersson

Unlike classical money, which is hard to forge for practical reasons (e.g. producing paper with a certain property), quantum money is attractive because its security might be based on the no-cloning theorem. The first quantum money scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-14 Aharon Brodutch , Daniel Nagaj , Or Sattath , Dominique Unruh

A quantum key distribution scheme whose security depends on the features of pre- and post-selected quantum states is described.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 J. Bub

This article presets a review of the achievements rapidly developing field of cryptography - public-key cryptography based on the lattice theory. Paper contains the necessary basic concepts and the major problems of the lattice theory, as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-09-14 V. S. Usatyuk

We review the quantum version of a well known problem of cryptography called coin tossing (``flipping a coin via telephone''). It can be regarded as a game where two remote players (who distrust each other) tries to generate a uniformly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Doescher , M. Keyl

A theorem is proved which states that no classical key generating protocol could ever be provably secure. Consequently, candidates for provably secure protocols must rely on some quantum effect. Theorem relies on the fact that BB84 Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mario Stipcevic