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Related papers: An Axiomatic Framework for Cost-Benefit Analysis

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This paper develops theoretical criteria and econometric methods to rank policy interventions in terms of welfare when individuals are loss-averse. Our new criterion for "loss aversion-sensitive dominance" defines a weak partial ordering of…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-09-07 Sergio Firpo , Antonio F. Galvao , Martyna Kobus , Thomas Parker , Pedro Rosa-Dias

The average cost optimality is known to be a challenging problem for partially observable stochastic control, with few results available beyond the finite state, action, and measurement setup, for which somewhat restrictive conditions are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Yunus Emre Demirci , Ali Devran Kara , Serdar Yüksel

Algorithmic risk assessments are used to inform decisions in a wide variety of high-stakes settings. Often multiple predictive models deliver similar overall performance but differ markedly in their predictions for individual cases, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Amanda Coston , Ashesh Rambachan , Alexandra Chouldechova

Counterfactual explanations indicate the smallest change in input that can translate to a different outcome for a machine learning model. Counterfactuals have generated immense interest in high-stakes applications such as finance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Erfaun Noorani , Pasan Dissanayake , Faisal Hamman , Sanghamitra Dutta

Markov decision processes (MDPs) are a popular model for performance analysis and optimization of stochastic systems. The parameters of stochastic behavior of MDPs are estimates from empirical observations of a system; their values are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Dimitri Scheftelowitsch , Peter Buchholz , Vahid Hashemi , Holger Hermanns

The present paper introduces a theoretical framework through which the degree of risk aversion with respect to uncertain prices can be measured through the context of the indirect utility function (IUF) using a lab experiment. First, the…

General Economics · Economics 2022-09-07 Ali Zeytoon-Nejad

Recent literature on policy learning has primarily focused on regret bounds of the learned policy. We provide a new perspective by developing a unified semiparametric efficiency framework for policy learning, allowing for general treatments…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-10 Yue Fang , Geert Ridder , Haitian Xie

In the allocation of resources to a set of agents, how do fairness guarantees impact the social welfare? A quantitative measure of this impact is the price of fairness, which measures the worst-case loss of social welfare due to fairness…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Siddharth Barman , Umang Bhaskar , Nisarg Shah

We study the classic setting of envy-free pricing, in which a single seller chooses prices for its many items, with the goal of maximizing revenue once the items are allocated. Despite the large body of work addressing such settings, most…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Elliot Anshelevich , Koushik Kar , Shreyas Sekar

We consider off-policy policy evaluation with function approximation (FA) in average-reward MDPs, where the goal is to estimate both the reward rate and the differential value function. For this problem, bootstrapping is necessary and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Shangtong Zhang , Yi Wan , Richard S. Sutton , Shimon Whiteson

Incentive-based coordination mechanisms for distributed energy consumption have shown promise in aligning individual user objectives with social welfare, especially under privacy constraints. Our prior work proposed a two-timescale adaptive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Jiayi Li , Jiale Wei , Matthew Motoki , Yan Jiang , Baosen Zhang

Critic-free reinforcement learning methods, particularly group policies, have attracted considerable attention for their efficiency in complex tasks. However, these methods rely heavily on multiple sampling and comparisons within the policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Wenfeng Feng , Penghong Zhao , Guochao Jiang , Chuzhan Hao , Yuewei Zhang , Guohua Liu , Hao Wang

A popular perspective in Reinforcement learning (RL) casts the problem as probabilistic inference on a graphical model of the Markov decision process (MDP). The core object of study is the probability of each state-action pair being visited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Jean Tarbouriech , Tor Lattimore , Brendan O'Donoghue

To determine the welfare implications of price changes in demand data, we introduce a revealed preference relation over prices. We show that the absence of cycles in this relation characterizes a consumer who trades off the utility of…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-03 Rahul Deb , Yuichi Kitamura , John K. -H. Quah , Jörg Stoye

Many Stated Preference studies conducted in developing countries provide a low willingness to pay (WTP) for a wide range of goods and services. However, recent studies in these countries indicate that this may partly be a result of the…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-08-27 Habtamu Tilahun Kassahun , Jette Bredahl Jacobsen , Charles F. Nicholson

Empirical welfare analyses often impose stringent parametric assumptions on individuals' preferences and neglect unobserved preference heterogeneity. We develop a framework to conduct individual and social welfare analysis for discrete…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-05-20 Bart Capéau , Liebrecht De Sadeleer , Sebastiaan Maes

We study the efficiency of fair allocations using the well-studied price of fairness concept, which quantitatively measures the worst-case efficiency loss when imposing fairness constraints. Previous works provided partial results on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Zihao Li , Shengxin Liu , Xinhang Lu , Biaoshuai Tao , Yichen Tao

How should well-being be prioritised in society, and what trade-offs are people willing to make between fairness and personal well-being? We investigate these questions using a stated preference experiment with a nationally representative…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-19 Crispin Cooper , Ana Fredrich , Tommaso Reggiani , Wouter Poortinga

A measure of relative importance of variables is often desired by researchers when the explanatory aspects of econometric methods are of interest. To this end, the author briefly reviews the limitations of conventional econometrics in…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-08-25 Akash Malhotra

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide an elegant mathematical framework for modeling complex decision and planning problems in stochastic domains in which states of the system are observable only indirectly, via a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 M. Hauskrecht