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In this study, we investigate the role of the non-linear memory effect in gravitational wave (GW) parameter estimation, particularly we explore its capability to break the degeneracy between luminosity distance and inclination angle in…

We examine gravitational wave memory in the case where sources and detector are in a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. We consider the case where the universe can be highly inhomogeneous, but the gravitatational radiation is treated in the short…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-25 Lydia Bieri , David Garfinkle , Nicolas Yunes

A gravitational wave pulse, while passing through spacetime, brings about a change in the relative separation between free particles. This `memory effect' serves as one of the signatures of gravitational waves. In this paper, we consider…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-13 Sucheta Datta , Sarbari Guha , Deeshani Mitra

A gravitational wave traversing the line of sight to a distant source produces a frequency shift which contributes to redshift space distortion. As a consequence, gravitational waves are imprinted as density fluctuations in redshift space.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-30 Somnath Bharadwaj , Tapomoy Guha Sarkar

It has long been known that gravitational waves from compact binary coalescing sources are responsible for a first-order displacement memory effect experienced by a pair of freely falling test masses. This constant displacement is sourced…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-08 Atul K. Divakarla , Bernard F. Whiting

The nonlinear gravitational-wave (GW) memory effect$\unicode{x2014}$a permanent shift in the GW strain that arises from nonlinear GW interactions in the wave zone$\unicode{x2014}$is a prediction of general relativity which has not yet been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Arwa Elhashash , David A. Nichols

The models currently used in the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) either do not consider a relative motion between the center-of-mass of the source and the observer, or usually only consider its effect on the frequencies of GWs.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-28 Alejandro Torres-Orjuela , Xian Chen , Zhoujian Cao , Pau Amaro-Seoane , Peng Peng

In this paper, we establish a model-independent framework based on the Isaacson picture to analyze the gravitational-wave effects in the most general vector-tensor theory that yields second-order field equations. Within this framework, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-12 Yu-Qi Dong , Xiao-Bin Lai , Yu-Qiang Liu , Yu-Xiao Liu

The spin memory effect is a recently predicted relativistic phenomenon in asymptotically flat spacetimes that become nonradiative infinitely far in the past and future. Between these early and late times, the magnetic-parity part of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-28 David A. Nichols

Gravitational waves (GWs) produce small distortions in the observable distribution of stars in the sky. We describe the characteristic pattern of astrometric deflections created by a specific gravitational waveform called a burst with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-27 Dustin R. Madison

We propose a novel approach to detecting the elusive gravitational-wave memory predicted by general relativity to accompany black hole mergers: direct measurement of the permanent space-time strain offset. Compared to previous techniques…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-09 Jeffrey D. Scargle , Zhoujian Cao , Zhi-Chao Zhao

It is shown that there is a universal gravitational memory effect measurable by inertial detectors in even spacetime dimensions $d\geq 4$. The effect falls off at large radius $r$ as $r^{3-d}$. Moreover this memory effect sits at one corner…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-01 Monica Pate , Ana-Maria Raclariu , Andrew Strominger

Anisotropic bursts of gravitational radiation produced by events such as super-massive black hole mergers leave permanent imprints on space. Such gravitational wave "memory" (GWM) signals are, in principle, detectable through pulsar timing…

The gravitational wave signal of binary compact objects has two main contributions at frequencies below the characteristic merger frequency: the gravitational wave signal associated with the early inspiral stage of the binary and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-09 Silvia Gasparotto , Gabriele Franciolini , Valerie Domcke

The exploration of the surrounding world and the universe is an important theme in the legacy of humankind. The detection of gravitational waves is adding a new dimension to this grand effort. What are the fundamental physical laws…

The role that the quantum properties of a gravitational wave could play in the detection of gravitational radiation is analyzed. It is not only corroborated that in the current laser-interferometric detectors the resolution of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Camacho

We examine gravitational wave memory in the case where sources and detector are in an expanding cosmology. For simplicity, we treat the case where the cosmology is de Sitter spacetime, and discuss the possibility of generalizing our results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-21 Lydia Bieri , David Garfinkle , Shing-Tung Yau

TianQin is a proposed space-based gravitational wave detector designed to operate in circular high Earth orbits. As a sequel to [Zhang et al. Phys. Rev. D 103, 062001 (2021)], this work provides an analytical model to account for the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-29 Lei Jiao , Xuefeng Zhang

Gravitational memory effects and the BMS freedoms exhibited at future null infinity have recently been resolved and utilized in numerical relativity simulations. With this, gravitational wave models and our understanding of the fundamental…

We describe an experiment to measure the electromagnetic analog of gravitational wave memory, the so-called electromagnetic memory. Whereas gravitational wave memory is a residual displacement of test masses, electromagnetic memory is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-02 Lydia Bieri , David Garfinkle