English
Related papers

Related papers: Tolerance and degrees of truth

200 papers

The aim of this paper is to propose a many-valued modal framework to formalize reasoning with both graded preferences and propositions, in the style of van Benthem et al.'s classical modal logics for preferences. To do so, we start from Bou…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Amanda Vidal , Francesc Esteva , Lluis Godo

Strict-Tolerant Logic (ST) underpins naive theories of truth and vagueness (respectively including a fully disquotational truth predicate and an unrestricted tolerance principle) without jettisoning any classically valid laws. The classical…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Francesco Paoli , Adam Přenosil

We introduce a variant of free logic (i.e., a logic admitting terms with nonexistent referents) that accommodates truth-value gluts as well as gaps. Employing a suitable expansion of the Belnap-Dunn four-valued logic, we specify a…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Libor Behounek , Martina Dankova , Antonin Dvorak

We represent preferences that exhibit absolute or relative attitudes towards ambiguity without assuming convexity of preferences. Our analysis is motivated by the recent experimental evidence by Baillon and Placido (2019) indicating that…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-07-02 Francesco Fabbri , Giulio Principi , Lorenzo Stanca

We leverage path differentiability and a recent result on nonsmooth implicit differentiation calculus to give sufficient conditions ensuring that the solution to a monotone inclusion problem will be path differentiable, with formulas for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Jérôme Bolte , Edouard Pauwels , Antonio Silveti-Falls

In the last years, the adoption of active systems has increased in many fields of computer science, such as databases, sensor networks, and software engineering. These systems are able to automatically react to events, by collecting…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-03-29 Achille Frigeri , Liliana Pasquale , Paola Spoletini

We introduce a two-sort weighted modal logic for possibilistic reasoning with fuzzy formal contexts. The syntax of the logic includes two types of weighted modal operators corresponding to classical necessity ($\Box$) and sufficiency…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Prosenjit Howlader , Churn-Jung Liau

Syllogism is a type of deductive reasoning involving quantified statements. The syllogistic reasoning scheme in the classical Aristotelian framework involves three crisp term sets and four linguistic quantifiers, for which the main support…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-12-01 M. Pereira-Fariña , F. Díaz-Hermida , A. Bugarín

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with the diverse spectrum of human values remains a central challenge: preference-based methods often fail to capture deeper motivational principles. Value-based approaches offer a more principled path,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Woojin Kim , Sieun Hyeon , Jusang Oh , Jaeyoung Do

Current intent classification approaches assign binary intent class memberships to natural language utterances while disregarding the inherent vagueness in language and the corresponding vagueness in intent class boundaries. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Geetanjali Bihani , Julia Taylor Rayz

Soft set theory, introduced by Molodtsov [Molodtsov, D. (1999). Soft set theory-first results. Comput. Math. Appl., 37(4-5), 19-31], provides a flexible framework for managing uncertainty and vagueness, addressing limitations in traditional…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-06-02 Santanu Acharjee , Sidhartha Medhi

This paper mainly focuses on (1) a generalized treatment of fuzzy sets of type $n$, where $n$ is an integer larger than or equal to $1$, with an example, mathematical discussions, and real-life interpretation of the given mathematical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Anahita Jamshidnejad

Boolean grammars generalize context-free rewriting by extending the possibilities when dealing with different rules for the same nonterminal symbol. By allowing not only disjunction (as in the case of usual context-free grammars), but also…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Patrik Adrián , György Vaszil

In this paper $\ast$--compatible extensions of fuzzy relations are studied, generalizing some results obtained by Duggan in case of crisp relations. From this general result are obtained as particular cases fuzzy versions of some important…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Irina Georgescu

Vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit affirmation bias: a systematic tendency to select positive captions ("X is present") even when the correct description contains negation ("no X"). While prior work has documented this failure mode in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Charikleia Moraitaki , Sarah Pan , Skyler Pulling , Gwendolyn Flusche , Kumail Alhamoud , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Classical logic has a serious limitation in that it cannot cope with the issues of vagueness and uncertainty into which fall most modes of human reasoning. In order to provide a foundation for human knowledge representation and reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Van Hung Le

This paper shows that the fuzzy temporal logic can model figures of thought to describe decision-making behaviors. In order to exemplify, some economic behaviors observed experimentally were modeled from problems of choice containing time,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-18 José Cláudio do Nascimento

In medicine one frequently deals with vague information. As a tool for reasoning in this area, fuzzy logic suggests itself. In this paper we explore the applicability of the basic ideas of fuzzy set theory in the context of medical…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-08-31 Thomas Vetterlein , Anna Zamansky

Justification logics are special kinds of modal logics which provide a framework for reasoning about epistemic justifications. For this, they extend classical boolean propositional logic by a family of necessity-style modal operators "t:",…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Nicholas Pischke

Beginning with a simple semantics for propositions, based on counting observations, it is shown that probabilistic and fuzzy logic correspond to two different heuristic assumptions regarding the combination of propositions whose evidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Ben Goertzel