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One of the defining features of complex networks is the connectivity properties that we observe emerging from local interactions. Recently, hypergraphs have emerged as a versatile tool to model networks with non-dyadic, higher-order…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-30 Berné L. Nortier , Simon Dobson , Federico Battiston

Higher-order relations are widespread in nature, with numerous phenomena involving complex interactions that extend beyond simple pairwise connections. As a result, advancements in higher-order processing can accelerate the growth of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Iulia Duta , Giulia Cassarà , Fabrizio Silvestri , Pietro Liò

Link partitioning is a popular approach in network science used for discovering overlapping communities by identifying clusters of strongly connected links. Current link partitioning methods are specifically designed for networks modelled…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Xinyi Wu , Arnab Sarker , Ali Jadbabaie

Here we introduce simple structures for the analysis of complex hypergraphs, hypergraph animals. These structures are designed to describe the local node neighbourhoods of nodes in hypergraphs. We establish their relationships to lattice…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-08 Michael P. H. Stumpf

Hypergraphs offer an explicit formalism to describe multibody interactions in complex systems. To connect dynamics and function in systems with these higher-order interactions, network scientists have generalised random-walk models to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-02 Anton Eriksson , Daniel Edler , Alexis Rojas , Martin Rosvall

Modeling higher-order interactions (HOI) has emerged as a crucial challenge in complex systems analysis, as many phenomena cannot be fully captured by pairwise relationships alone. Hypergraphs, which generalize graphs by allowing…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-31 Catherine Matias

We prove improved bounds on how localized an eigenvector of a high girth regular graph can be, and present examples showing that these bounds are close to sharp. This study was initiated by Brooks and Lindenstrauss (2009) who relied on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-06 Shirshendu Ganguly , Nikhil Srivastava

Recent studies have shown that novel collective behaviors emerge in complex systems due to the presence of higher-order interactions. However, how the collective behavior of a system is influenced by the microscopic organization of its…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-01 Federico Malizia , Santiago Lamata-Otín , Mattia Frasca , Vito Latora , Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes

Hypergraphs have emerged as a powerful modeling framework to represent systems with multiway interactions, that is systems where interactions may involve an arbitrary number of agents. Here we explore the properties of real-world…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Timothy LaRock , Renaud Lambiotte

We show that a general class of social impact models with higher-order interactions on hypergraphs can be exactly reduced to an equivalent model with pairwise interactions on a weighted projected network. This reduction is made by a mapping…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-09 Jaume Llabrés , Raúl Toral , Maxi San Miguel , Federico Vázquez

Graphs are a standard framework for describing dynamical processes shaped by pairwise interactions among agents. But many systems involve interactions in groups of three or more agents. Here, we develop a method of "$\ell$-hyperedge…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-25 Anzhi Sheng , Alex McAvoy , Ye Tian , Silun Zhang , Angela Fontan , Joshua B. Plotkin

To construct dispersion relations for diffusion or oscillation processes on random networks, it is necessary to obtain effective length scales for the eigenvectors of a graph Laplacian matrix, whose eigenvalues represent inverse time…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-04-30 Per Arne Rikvold

Collective behavior plays a key role in the function of a wide range of physical, biological, and neurological systems where empirical evidence has recently uncovered the prevalence of higher-order interactions, i.e., structures that…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-06-14 Per Sebastian Skardal , Lluís Arola-Fernández , Dane Taylor , Alex Arenas

Interactions involving multiple objects simultaneously are ubiquitous across many domains. The systems these interactions inhabit can be modelled using hypergraphs, a generalization of traditional graphs in which each edge can connect any…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Cazamere Comrie , Jon Kleinberg

Hypergraphs provide a fundamental framework for representing complex systems involving interactions among three or more entities. As empirical hypergraphs grow in size, characterizing their structural properties becomes increasingly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Kazuki Nakajima , Masanao Kodakari , Masaki Aida

Localization of electronic wave functions in modern two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene can impact drastically their transport and magnetic properties. The recent localization landscape (LL) theory has brought many tools and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-10-04 Luis A. Razo-López , Geoffroy J. Aubry , Marcel Filoche , Fabrice Mortessagne

Despite being a source of rich information, graphs are limited to pairwise interactions. However, several real-world networks such as social networks, neuronal networks, etc., involve interactions between more than two nodes. Simplicial…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-02-01 Sanjukta Krishnagopal , Ginestra Bianconi

An oriented hypergraph is a hypergraph where each vertex-edge incidence is given a label of $+1$ or $-1$. We define the adjacency, incidence and Laplacian matrices of an oriented hypergraph and study each of them. We extend several matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-17 Nathan Reff , Lucas J. Rusnak

We demonstrate that graph-based models are fully capable of representing higher-order interactions, and have a long history of being used for precisely this purpose. This stands in contrast to a common claim in the recent literature on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Tiago P. Peixoto , Leto Peel , Thilo Gross , Manlio De Domenico

Characterizing the importances (i.e., centralities) of nodes in social, biological, and technological networks is a core topic in both network science and data science. We present a linear-algebraic framework that generalizes…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Dane Taylor , Mason A. Porter , Peter J. Mucha