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Given an undirected graph G, the edge orientation problem asks for assigning a direction to each edge to convert G into a directed graph. The aim is to minimize the maximum out degree of a vertex in the resulting directed graph. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-23 H. Reinstädtler , C. Schulz , B. Uçar

Deep neural networks are usually trained with stochastic gradient descent (SGD), which minimizes objective function using very rough approximations of gradient, only averaging to the real gradient. Standard approaches like momentum or ADAM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Jarek Duda

Recently, there has been a surge in interest in developing optimization algorithms for overparameterized models as achieving generalization is believed to require algorithms with suitable biases. This interest centers on minimizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Behrooz Tahmasebi , Ashkan Soleymani , Dara Bahri , Stefanie Jegelka , Patrick Jaillet

We consider neural networks (NNs) where the final layer is down-scaled by a fixed hyperparameter $\gamma$. Recent work has identified $\gamma$ as controlling the strength of feature learning. As $\gamma$ increases, network evolution changes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Alexander Atanasov , Alexandru Meterez , James B. Simon , Cengiz Pehlevan

We derive high-dimensional scaling limits and fluctuations for the online least-squares Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithm by taking the properties of the data generating model explicitly into consideration. Our approach treats the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-05 Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Promit Ghosal , Ye He

The recipe behind the success of deep learning has been the combination of neural networks and gradient-based optimization. Understanding the behavior of gradient descent however, and particularly its instability, has lagged behind its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-15 Mihaela Rosca , Yan Wu , Chongli Qin , Benoit Dherin

The pioneering work of Oono and Suzuki [ICLR, 2020] and Cai and Wang [arXiv:2006.13318] initializes the analysis of the smoothness of graph convolutional network (GCN) features. Their results reveal an intricate empirical correlation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Shih-Hsin Wang , Justin Baker , Cory Hauck , Bao Wang

Training a neural network with the gradient descent algorithm gives rise to a discrete-time nonlinear dynamical system. Consequently, behaviors that are typically observed in these systems emerge during training, such as convergence to an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Kamil Nar , S. Shankar Sastry

Readability criteria, such as distance or neighborhood preservation, are often used to optimize node-link representations of graphs to enable the comprehension of the underlying data. With few exceptions, graph drawing algorithms typically…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Reyan Ahmed , Felice De Luca , Sabin Devkota , Stephen Kobourov , Mingwei Li

Deep learning models tend to memorize training data, which hurts their ability to generalize to under-represented classes. We empirically study a convolutional neural network's internal representation of imbalanced image data and measure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Damien Dablain , Colin Bellinger , Bartosz Krawczyk , Nitesh Chawla

We show that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) escapes from sharp minima exponentially fast even before SGD reaches stationary distribution. SGD has been a de-facto standard training algorithm for various machine learning tasks. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Hikaru Ibayashi , Masaaki Imaizumi

This work establishes a rigorous connection between stability properties of discrete-time algorithms (DTAs) and corresponding continuous-time dynamical systems derived through $ O(s^r) $-resolution ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Amir Ali Farzin , Yuen-Man Pun , Philipp Braun , Iman Shames

The decentralized gradient descent (DGD) algorithm, and its sibling, diffusion, are workhorses in decentralized machine learning, distributed inference and estimation, and multi-agent coordination. We propose a novel, principled framework…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-04 Erik G. Larsson , Nicolo Michelusi

We consider the optimization problem of minimizing the logistic loss with gradient descent to train a linear model for binary classification with separable data. With a budget of $T$ iterations, it was recently shown that an accelerated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Michael Crawshaw , Mingrui Liu

In this paper we analyze the behaviour of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a widely used method in supervised learning for optimizing neural network weights via a minimization of non-convex loss functions. Since the pioneering work of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Davide Barbieri , Matteo Bonforte , Peio Ibarrondo

We improve the accuracy of Guidance & Control Networks (G&CNETs), trained to represent the optimal control policies of a time-optimal transfer and a mass-optimal landing, respectively. In both cases we leverage the dynamics of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Sebastien Origer , Dario Izzo

The paper contains approximation guarantees for neural networks that are trained with gradient flow, with error measured in the continuous $L_2(\mathbb{S}^{d-1})$-norm on the $d$-dimensional unit sphere and targets that are Sobolev smooth.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 G. Welper

We study $\textit{gradient descent}$ (GD) for logistic regression on linearly separable data with stepsizes that adapt to the current risk, scaled by a constant hyperparameter $\eta$. We show that after at most $1/\gamma^2$ burn-in steps,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-21 Ruiqi Zhang , Jingfeng Wu , Licong Lin , Peter L. Bartlett

The objective of this paper is to enhance the optimization process for neural networks by developing a dynamic learning rate algorithm that effectively integrates exponential decay and advanced anti-overfitting strategies. Our primary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Jatin Chaudhary , Dipak Nidhi , Jukka Heikkonen , Haari Merisaari , Rajiv Kanth

Deep neural networks have been shown to achieve state-of-the-art performance in several machine learning tasks. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the preferred optimization algorithm for training these networks and asynchronous SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Wei Zhang , Suyog Gupta , Xiangru Lian , Ji Liu