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We propose a novel approach for learning causal response representations. Our method aims to extract directions in which a multidimensional outcome is most directly caused by a treatment variable. By bridging conditional independence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-07 Homer Durand , Gherardo Varando , Gustau Camps-Valls

In this paper, we study a latticized optimization problem with fuzzy relational inequality constraints where the feasible region is formed as the intersection of two inequality fuzzy systems and Sugeno-Weber family of t-norms is considered…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Amin Ghodousian , Sara Zal , Minoo Ahmadi

The recent multiple-solution problem in extracting physics information from a fit to the experimental data in high energy physics is reviewed in a mathematical viewpoint. All these multiple solutions were found via a fit process previously,…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2011-10-14 K. Zhu , X. H. Mo , C. Z. Yuan , P. Wang

Does every Boolean tautology have a short propositional-calculus proof? Here, a propositional calculus (i.e. Frege) proof is a proof starting from a set of axioms and deriving new Boolean formulas using a set of fixed sound derivation…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-09-14 Fu Li , Iddo Tzameret , Zhengyu Wang

The linear combination of Student's $t$ random variables (RVs) appears in many statistical applications. Unfortunately, the Student's $t$ distribution is not closed under convolution, thus, deriving an exact and general distribution for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-02 Onel L. Alcaraz López , Evelio M. G. Fernández , Matti Latva-aho

We introduce T-CREx, a novel model-agnostic method for local and global counterfactual explanation (CE), which summarises recourse options for both individuals and groups in the form of human-readable rules. It leverages tree-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Tom Bewley , Salim I. Amoukou , Saumitra Mishra , Daniele Magazzeni , Manuela Veloso

We consider two formulations of the random-link fractional matching problem, a relaxed version of the more standard random-link (integer) matching problem. In one formulation, we allow each node to be linked to itself in the optimal…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-05-07 Carlo Lucibello , Enrico M. Malatesta , Giorgio Parisi , Gabriele Sicuro

We consider T-optimal experiment design problems for discriminating multi-factor polynomial regression models where the design space is defined by polynomial inequalities and the regression parameters are constrained to given convex sets.…

Computation · Statistics 2020-02-04 Yuguang Yue , Lieven Vandenberghe , Weng Kee Wong

This paper presents a method to build explicit tensor-train (TT) representations. We show that a wide class of tensors can be explicitly represented with sparse TT-cores, obtaining, in many cases, optimal TT-ranks. Numerical experiments…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Gleb Ryzhakov , Ivan Oseledets

Given that the restricted equivalence functions (REFs) can serve to measure the similarity of two fuzzy sets, this motivates the integration of REFs with similarity-based approximate reasoning systems to enhance inference capabilities.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Dechao Li , Yuhui Zhu

In this article, for a certain subset $\mathcal{X}$ of the extended set of rational numbers, we introduce the notion of {\it best $\mathcal{X}$-approximations} of a real number. The notion of best $\mathcal{X}$-approximation is analogous to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-02 S. Kushwaha , R. Sarma

The problem of super-resolution in general terms is to recuperate a finitely supported measure $\mu$ given finitely many of its coefficients $\hat{\mu}(k)$ with respect to some orthonormal system. The interesting case concerns situations,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-12 H. N. Mhaskar

The paper develops an explicit a priori error estimate for finite element solution to nonhomogeneous Neumann problems. For this purpose, the hypercircle equation over finite element spaces is constructed and the explicit upper bound of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-05-29 Qin Li , Xuefeng Liu

A consistent Riccati expansion (CRE) is proposed for solving nonlinear systems with the help of a Riccati equation. A system is defined to be CRE solvable if it has a CRE. Various integrable systems are CRE solvable. Furthermore, it is also…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2013-09-02 S. Y. Lou

There is a well known intrinsic trade-off between the fairness of a representation and the performance of classifiers derived from the representation. Due to the complexity of optimisation algorithms in most modern representation learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-27 Mark Kozdoba , Binyamin Perets , Shie Mannor

This article is concerned with the existence and uniqueness of solutions to some fractional order boundary value problems. Our results are based on some fixed point theorems. For the applicability of our results, we provide an example.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-12-13 Anwarrud Din , Shah Faisal

This paper studies approximate solutions of a linear fractional vector optimization problem without requiring boundedness of the constraint set. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for approximating weakly efficient points of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-12 Nguyen Thi Thu Huong

Precise estimation of cross-correlation or similarity between two random variables lies at the heart of signal detection, hyperdimensional computing, associative memories, and neural networks. Although a vast literature exists on different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Zhili Xiao , Shantanu Chakrabartty

Due to the common content of anatomy, radiology images with their corresponding reports exhibit high similarity. Such inherent data bias can predispose automatic report generation models to learn entangled and spurious representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Mingjie Li , Haokun Lin , Liang Qiu , Xiaodan Liang , Ling Chen , Abdulmotaleb Elsaddik , Xiaojun Chang

To address the interpretability challenge in machine learning (ML) systems, counterfactual explanations (CEs) have emerged as a promising solution. CEs are unique as they provide workable suggestions to users, instead of explaining why a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ming Wang , Daling Wang , Wenfang Wu , Shi Feng , Yifei Zhang