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Real-world decision-making often begins with identifying which modality contains the most relevant information for a given query. While recent multimodal models have made impressive progress in processing diverse inputs, it remains unclear…

Speech codecs learn compact representations of speech signals to facilitate data transmission. Many recent deep neural network (DNN) based end-to-end speech codecs achieve low bitrates and high perceptual quality at the cost of model…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Kai Zhen , Jongmo Sung , Mi Suk Lee , Seungkwon Beack , Minje Kim

Recent advances in self-supervised modeling of text and images open new opportunities for computational models of child language acquisition, which is believed to rely heavily on cross-modal signals. However, prior studies have been limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Uri Berger , Gabriel Stanovsky , Omri Abend , Lea Frermann

Learning self-supervised representations using reconstruction or contrastive losses improves performance and sample complexity of image-based and multimodal reinforcement learning (RL). Here, different self-supervised loss functions have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Philipp Becker , Sebastian Mossburger , Fabian Otto , Gerhard Neumann

Emotion recognition is an important component of affective computing, and also human-machine interaction. Unimodal emotion recognition is convenient, but the accuracy may not be high enough; on the contrary, multi-modal emotion recognition…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Siyuan Kan , Huanyu Wu , Zhenyao Cui , Fan Huang , Xiaolong Xu , Dongrui Wu

Learning common subspace is prevalent way in cross-modal retrieval to solve the problem of data from different modalities having inconsistent distributions and representations that cannot be directly compared. Previous cross-modal retrieval…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Donghuo Zeng , Jianming Wu , Gen Hattori , Yi Yu , Rong Xu

Multi-modal contrastive representation (MCR) of more than three modalities is critical in multi-modal learning. Although recent methods showcase impressive achievements, the high dependence on large-scale, high-quality paired data and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Zehan Wang , Ziang Zhang , Luping Liu , Yang Zhao , Haifeng Huang , Tao Jin , Zhou Zhao

Recent advances in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have opened new possibilities for unified modeling of speech, text, images, and other modalities. Building on our prior work, this paper examines the conditions and model…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yiwen Guan , Viet Anh Trinh , Vivek Voleti , Jacob Whitehill

In this paper, we address the problem of conditional modality learning, whereby one is interested in generating one modality given the other. While it is straightforward to learn a joint distribution over multiple modalities using a deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-29 Gaurav Pandey , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Although recent point cloud analysis achieves impressive progress, the paradigm of representation learning from a single modality gradually meets its bottleneck. In this work, we take a step towards more discriminative 3D point cloud…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Xu Yan , Heshen Zhan , Chaoda Zheng , Jiantao Gao , Ruimao Zhang , Shuguang Cui , Zhen Li

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) assume that training examples (e.g., x-ray images) are annotated with high-level concepts (e.g., types of abnormalities), and perform classification by first predicting the concepts, followed by predicting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Danis Alukaev , Semen Kiselev , Ilya Pershin , Bulat Ibragimov , Vladimir Ivanov , Alexey Kornaev , Ivan Titov

Recent developments in generative artificial intelligence (AI) rely on machine learning techniques such as deep learning and generative modeling to achieve state-of-the-art performance across wide-ranging domains. These methods' surprising…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-27 Gemma E. Moran , Bryon Aragam

Environmental Sound Classification (ESC) is a challenging field of research in non-speech audio processing. Most of current research in ESC focuses on designing deep models with special architectures tailored for specific audio datasets,…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Alireza Nasiri , Jianjun Hu

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

In this paper we present a self-supervised method for representation learning utilizing two different modalities. Based on the observation that cross-modal information has a high semantic meaning we propose a method to effectively exploit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Nawid Sayed , Biagio Brattoli , Björn Ommer

In this work, we build a simple but strong baseline for sounding video generation. Given base diffusion models for audio and video, we integrate them with additional modules into a single model and train it to make the model jointly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Masato Ishii , Akio Hayakawa , Takashi Shibuya , Yuki Mitsufuji

Contrastive learning has emerged as a pivotal framework for representation learning, underpinning advances in both unimodal and bimodal applications like SimCLR and CLIP. To address fundamental limitations like large batch size dependency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Ajay Jagannath , Aayush Upadhyay , Anant Mehta

Quantifying and evaluating image complexity can be instrumental in enhancing the performance of various computer vision tasks. Supervised learning can effectively learn image complexity features from well-annotated datasets. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Shipeng Liu , Liang Zhao , Dengfeng Chen , Zhanping Song

Technological advances facilitate the ability to acquire multimodal data, posing a challenge for recognition systems while also providing an opportunity to use the heterogeneous nature of the information to increase the generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Paweł Zyblewski , Leandro L. Minku

Cross-modal medical image-report retrieval task plays a significant role in clinical diagnosis and various medical generative tasks. Eliminating heterogeneity between different modalities to enhance semantic consistency is the key challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zeqiang Wei , Kai Jin , Xiuzhuang Zhou