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Supervised Continual learning involves updating a deep neural network (DNN) from an ever-growing stream of labeled data. While most work has focused on overcoming catastrophic forgetting, one of the major motivations behind continual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Md Yousuf Harun , Jhair Gallardo , Tyler L. Hayes , Christopher Kanan

To cope with real-world dynamics, an intelligent system needs to incrementally acquire, update, accumulate, and exploit knowledge throughout its lifetime. This ability, known as continual learning, provides a foundation for AI systems to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Liyuan Wang , Xingxing Zhang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

The ability to continuously acquire new knowledge and skills is crucial for autonomous agents. Existing methods are typically based on either fixed-size models that struggle to learn a large number of diverse behaviors, or growing-size…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Jean-Baptiste Gaya , Thang Doan , Lucas Caccia , Laure Soulier , Ludovic Denoyer , Roberta Raileanu

Lifelong machine learning or continual learning models attempt to learn incrementally by accumulating knowledge across a sequence of tasks. Therefore, these models learn better and faster. They are used in various intelligent systems that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Khouloud Saadi , Muhammad Taimoor Khan

We introduce Flashback Learning (FL), a novel method designed to harmonize the stability and plasticity of models in Continual Learning (CL). Unlike prior approaches that primarily focus on regularizing model updates to preserve old…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Leila Mahmoodi , Peyman Moghadam , Munawar Hayat , Christian Simon , Mehrtash Harandi

Replaying past experiences has proven to be a highly effective approach for averting catastrophic forgetting in supervised continual learning. However, some crucial factors are still largely ignored, making it vulnerable to serious failure,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Tiantian Zhang , Kevin Zehua Shen , Zichuan Lin , Bo Yuan , Xueqian Wang , Xiu Li , Deheng Ye

Early-exiting neural networks enable adaptive inference by allowing inputs to exit at intermediate classifiers, reducing computation for easy samples while maintaining high accuracy. In practice, exits can be trained sequentially by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Alaa Zniber , Ouassim Karrakchou , Mounir Ghogho

Class-Incremental Learning aims to update a deep classifier to learn new categories while maintaining or improving its accuracy on previously observed classes. Common methods to prevent forgetting previously learned classes include…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Elif Ceren Gok Yildirim , Murat Onur Yildirim , Mert Kilickaya , Joaquin Vanschoren

Continual Learning (CL) seeks to enable neural networks to incrementally acquire new knowledge (plasticity) while retaining existing knowledge (stability). Although pre-trained models (PTMs) have provided a strong foundation for CL,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Aojun Lu , Tao Feng , Hangjie Yuan , Chunhui Ding , Yanan Sun

In class-incremental learning, a model learns continuously from a sequential data stream in which new classes occur. Existing methods often rely on static architectures that are manually crafted. These methods can be prone to capacity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Shenyang Huang , Vincent François-Lavet , Guillaume Rabusseau

Point-to-point and periodic motions are ubiquitous in the world of robotics. To master these motions, Autonomous Dynamic System (DS) based algorithms are fundamental in the domain of Learning from Demonstration (LfD). However, these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yu Zhang , Haoyu Zhang , Yongxiang Zou , Houcheng Li , Long Cheng

Continual learning aims to learn multiple tasks sequentially while preserving prior knowledge, but faces the challenge of catastrophic forgetting when adapting to new tasks. Recently, approaches leveraging pre-trained models have gained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Quan Cheng , Yuanyu Wan , Lingyu Wu , Chenping Hou , Lijun Zhang

Humans and most animals can learn new tasks without forgetting old ones. However, training artificial neural networks (ANNs) on new tasks typically cause it to forget previously learned tasks. This phenomenon is the result of "catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Nicolas Y. Masse , Gregory D. Grant , David J. Freedman

This paper introduces Stress-Aware Learning, a resilient neural training paradigm in which deep neural networks dynamically adjust their optimization behavior - whether under stable training regimes or in settings with uncertain dynamics -…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ashkan Shakarami , Yousef Yeganeh , Azade Farshad , Lorenzo Nicole , Stefano Ghidoni , Nassir Navab

Artificial neural networks (ANNs), despite their universal function approximation capability and practical success, are subject to catastrophic forgetting. Catastrophic forgetting refers to the abrupt unlearning of a previous task when a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Heinrich van Deventer , Anna Bosman

Continual learning with neural networks is an important learning framework in AI that aims to learn a sequence of tasks well. However, it is often confronted with three challenges: (1) overcome the catastrophic forgetting problem, (2) adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Qiang Gao , Zhipeng Luo , Diego Klabjan

Contrastive learning has significantly improved representation quality, enhancing knowledge transfer across tasks in continual learning (CL). However, catastrophic forgetting remains a key challenge, as contrastive based methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Trung-Anh Dang , Vincent Nguyen , Ngoc-Son Vu , Christel Vrain

Catastrophic forgetting remains a critical challenge in the field of continual learning, where neural networks struggle to retain prior knowledge while assimilating new information. Most existing studies emphasize mitigating this issue only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Wenhang Shi , Yiren Chen , Zhe Zhao , Wei Lu , Kimmo Yan , Xiaoyong Du

Adversarial robustness is essential for security and reliability of machine learning systems. However, adversarial robustness enhanced by defense algorithms is easily erased as the neural network's weights update to learn new tasks. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Xiaolei Ru , Xiaowei Cao , Zijia Liu , Jack Murdoch Moore , Xin-Ya Zhang , Xia Zhu , Wenjia Wei , Gang Yan

A fundamental feature of learning in animals is the "ability to forget" that allows an organism to perceive, model and make decisions from disparate streams of information and adapt to changing environments. Against this backdrop, we…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Priyadarshini Panda , Jason M. Allred , Shriram Ramanathan , Kaushik Roy
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