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Thermal operations are quantum channels that have taken a prominent role in deriving fundamental thermodynamic limitations in quantum systems. We show that these channels are uniquely characterized by a purely quantum information theoretic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Seok Hyung Lie , Jeongrak Son , Paul Boes , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Henrik Wilming

Algebraic methods for solving time dependent Hamiltonians are used to investigate the performance of quantum thermal machines. We investigate the thermodynamic properties of an engine formed by two coupled q-bits, performing an Otto cycle.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-27 A. C. Duriez , D. Martínez-Tibaduiza , A. Z. Khoury

The resource theory of thermal operations explains the state transformations that are possible in a very specific thermodynamic setting: there is only one thermal bath, auxiliary systems can only be in corresponding thermal state (free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-15 Angeline Shu , Yu Cai , Stella Seah , Stefan Nimmrichter , Valerio Scarani

The study of quantum thermodynamics is key to the development of quantum thermal machines. In contrast to most of the previous proposals based on discrete strokes, here we consider a working substance that is permanently coupled to two or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-09 Heather Leitch , Nicolò Piccione , Bruno Bellomo , Gabriele De Chiara

We study the performance of quantum thermal machines in which the working fluid of the model is represented by a many-body quantum system that is periodically connected with external baths via local couplings. A formal characterization of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Edoardo Maria Centamori , Michele Campisi , Vittorio Giovannetti

Micro-mechanical resonator performance is fundamentally limited by the coupling to a thermal environment. The magnitude of this thermodynamical effect is typically considered in accordance with a physical temperature, assumed to be uniform…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Ravid Shaniv , Chris Reetz , Cindy A. Regal

Thermal operations are an operational model of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. In the absence of coherence between energy levels, exact state transition conditions under thermal operations are known in terms of a mathematical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-11 Varun Narasimhachar , Gilad Gour

Optimal (reversible) processes in thermodynamics can be modelled as step-by-step processes, where the system is successively thermalized with respect to different Hamiltonians by an external thermal bath. However, in practice interactions…

Interactions of quantum systems with their environment play a crucial role in resource-theoretic approaches to thermodynamics in the microscopic regime. Here, we analyze the possible state transitions in the presence of "small" heat baths…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-27 Jakob Scharlau , Markus P. Mueller

We argue that thermal machines can be understood from the perspective of `virtual qubits' at `virtual temperatures': The relevant way to view the two heat baths which drive a thermal machine is as a composite system. Virtual qubits are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-14 Nicolas Brunner , Noah Linden , Sandu Popescu , Paul Skrzypczyk

This paper is about quantum heat defined as the change in energy of a bath during a process. The presentation takes into account recent developments in classical strong-coupling thermodynamics, and addresses a version of quantum heat which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-13 Erik Aurell

The separation of internal energy into heat and work in quantum thermodynamics is a controversial issue for a long time, and we revisit and solve this problem in this work. It is shown that the Hamiltonian plays dual roles for a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Tao Zhou , Jiangyang Pu , Xiaohua Wu

We investigate whether inertial thermometers moving in a thermal bath behave as being hotter or colder. This question is directly related to the classical controversy concerning how temperature transforms under Lorentz transformations.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Sandro S. Costa , George E. A. Matsas

Elementary thermal operations are thermal operations that act non-trivially on at most two energy levels of a system at the same time. They were recently introduced in order to bring thermal operations closer to experimental feasibility. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-01 Pedro Hack , Christian B. Mendl

We introduce an alternative way to understand the decomposition of a quantum system into interacting parts and show that it is natural in several physical models. This enables us to define a reduced density operator for a working system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-08 Adam Stokes

For 1D Hamiltonian systems with periodic solutions, Helmholtz formalism provides a tantalizing interpretation of classical thermodynamics, based on time integrals of purely mechanical quantities and without need of statistical description.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-02-28 Amilcare Porporato , Lamberto Rondoni

So-called Thermal Operations seem to describe the most fundamental, and reasonable, set of operations allowable for state transformations at an ambient inverse temperature $\beta$. However, a priori, they require experimentalists to…

We study the limitations on coherence evolutions under the constraints of thermodynamic laws, and focus on the optimal thermal operations (TO) reaching the bounds. For qubit case, we find a thermal operation involving only a single-mode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-16 Xueyuan Hu

We consider a macroscopic quantum system such as a qubit, interacting with a bath of fermions as in the Fr\"ohlich polaron model. The interaction Hamiltonian is thus linear in the macroscopic system variable, and bilinear in the fermions.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-16 Erik Aurell , Jan Tuziemski

To what extent do thermodynamic resource theories capture physically relevant constraints? Inspired by quantum computation, we define a set of elementary thermodynamic gates that only act on 2 energy levels of a system at a time. We show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-13 Matteo Lostaglio , Álvaro M. Alhambra , Christopher Perry
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